Social Networking A Negative Influence on Young Adults...

Social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Linked In have gained a widespread audience across the world. Although the original intentions of these social sites were positive, these mediums of social interaction now have negative effects. Young adults aged 14 – 26 are the demographic which make up the vast majority of social media users and thus are the most effected by social media. Social media has negative effects on young adults. The use of social media by young adults has harmful psychological effects, creates antisocial effects, and negatively consumes time. Social media has harmful psychological effects on young adults. Social websites generate cyber bullying, depression, and a lack of independence. Cyber bullying is†¦show more content†¦The graph below breaks down the percentage of young adults who experience cyber bullying. Young Adult Cyber Bully Victims Half of all young adults have been a victim of cyber bullying; that means that half of young adults are at risk of committing suicide as a result of using social media. Is the use of social media worth a life? By reducing the usage of social media by young adults bullying will decrease and the suicide rate will be reduced. Depression is another psychological toll that has been placed on young adults as an outcome of social media use. In fact â€Å"over a third (34%) of young people have felt depressed because of something they have seen on a social network site† [6]. Young people experience depression while looking at their peers’ social media profiles because of â€Å"the link between social networking and depression [which] is called the ‘social comparison’ theory† [5]. The social comparison theory asserts that individuals evaluate themselves by comparing themselves to their peers, using their peers as a benchmark to evaluate their own self worth [1]. These comparisons can be misleading when young adults look at their peers’ social networking profiles. One person may have 50 Facebook friends whom they personally know while their peer may have over 1,000 Facebook friends whom they randomly accept and request. When using the social comparison theory the peer wit hShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Its Effects On Society954 Words   |  4 Pagesaccess to the internet, and the use of social media has basically become a new way of living and communication between people. Some people stated that the social networking sites has more advantages than there is disadvantages. This statement is somewhat reliable since people can chat with friends, family, and other people that are in different countries through some social networking sites. However, there are also some serious problems that come up with social media if people cannot use it in theRead MoreRegarding to the world narcissism and pornography are affecting Americans. Due to the fact that the600 Words   |  3 PagesRegarding to the world narcissism and pornography are affecting Americans. Due to the fact that the top negative things associated with YouTube is making it a more negative influence on society than positive. This is becoming a negative impact on children and young adults. In today’s society, war porn is one of the main things that are affecting Americans. They think that War Porn started from the mentally ill people. The writer Jessica Ramirez says, â€Å"Critics of war porn says it dehumanizes theRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Social Media Essay1714 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has become a very popular, valuable asset for everyone all over the world. Social media s great to use when reconnecting with an old friend, promoting a new business, or just when one needs a good laugh. While social media has great advantages, it also carries many disadvantages, particularly for the youth. While most adults are not able to let social media consume a large portion of their time, adolescents frequently become consumed in social media. That being said, almost every adolescentRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1563 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has consumed our society. 47% of American adults used social networking sites in 2011 like Facebook, Myspace, and Twitter; up from 26% in 2008(quoted from procon.org) the aspects of social media both have a positive and negative impact on life. Social networking sites promote interaction with distant family and friends. Social networking sites can demonstrate opportunities to strengthen existing relationships and to develop new friendships as well. The downfall of social media sitesRead MoreThe Controversial Issues Of Young People Using Internet And Communication Technologies1680 Words   |  7 Pagesand mobile media has been widely used. The consequences of them on young people are powerful, however it has been an argumentative issue throughout years as the impacts contain both positive and negative sides. Based on the data from American life Project, there is an increasing rate of young people using smartphones and online social networking site such as Facebook, Twitter. This essay focuses on the controversial issues of young people using internet and com munication technologies, whether thisRead MoreSocial Media and Its Impact742 Words   |  3 Pages Social Networking’s Good and Bad Impacts on Kids Psychologists explore myths, realities and offer guidance for parents WASHINGTON—Social media present risks and benefits to children but parents who try to secretly monitor their kids’ activities online are wasting their time, according to a presentation at the 119th Annual Convention of the American Psychological Association. â€Å"While nobody can deny that Facebook has altered the landscape of social interaction, particularly among young peopleRead MoreA Social Web Laced With Poison914 Words   |  4 PagesA Social Web Laced With Poison Mark Mckinnon, vice-president of an international communications consulting firm stated, â€Å"Technology and social media have brought power back to the people.† It makes sense that he would possess such a positive view of social media, because his job more or less depends on it. However, the reality is a little less sunshine and rainbows. Social media has undoubtedly changed the way humans can communicate with each other, even making it possible to contact people in aRead MoreWhy Social Networks Have Done More Harm Than Good in Our Society1366 Words   |  6 Pagesvery dominant, it is used by both young and older people but more predominant among the youth of the today. Even more, technology has brought about social networking such as Facebook, Twitter, my space, piazza.com, instagram, tango, and last but not the least texting. According to socialnetworking.procon.org, â€Å"47% of American adults used social networking sites like Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, LinkedIn, an d Classmates.com in 2011, up from 26% in 2008. [26] on social media sites like these, users mayRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society Essay1416 Words   |  6 Pages Social media sites, including Facebook, LinkedIn, Pinterest, Twitter, and Instagram, provide opportunities for people to connect with each other and have become exceedingly popular in recent years. However, there are increased numbers of mental health problems such as mood problems, emotional issues, and addiction in teenagers as they overuse social media. Advocates of social media may claim that social networking platforms benefit adolescents by increasing connectivity, helping people make friendsRead MoreEffects Of Social Media On Mental Health1498 Words   |  6 PagesEffects of social media on mental health Overview Social media is described, by the Merriam-Webster dictionary (2015), as â€Å"forms of electronic communication (as Web sites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (as videos)†. As few as 10 years ago the term social media was yet to be coined, but within that decade the use of these blogs, websites and sharing platforms has increased exponentially

Summary of Autobiography of a Yogi Free Essays

India, an ancient civilization is well known to be the cradle of a rich and perpetual heritage. The pristine land has always throbbed with the vibrancy of the originality, creativity and self motivated activities of its illumined souls. Their deep, original and sublime thoughts have presented to the world, distinctive gifts of knowledge, be it be in language, values, religion, philosophy, art, business, mathematics, astrology, medicine, surgery much more and beyond; a unique universal heritage, and an eternal formulae to a calm way of life. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Autobiography of a Yogi or any similar topic only for you Order Now The masters have successfully sought to give answers to all the queries that are bound to pop up in the mind of every human being at some point of time in their life on earth. They have unraveled the ultimate mysteries that surround life, death and afterlife. The peerless Vedas, the Vedanta i. e. the Upanishads and the Puranas are a treasure trove of great learning and unveiled deep secrets. They have provided Godly guidance to human life at every moment in time and space ever since they were first recorded, centuries ago. These texts contain the essential summaries that form the doctrinal basis of Hindu religion. In the league of such a legacy, modern India continues to produce spiritual masters as was done so in every era. Their role on earth is to guide the not so enlightened souls who often loose their way in the mayhems of the day to day worldly activities. The spiritual vitality offered by their worshipful presence and golden words; the ever true messages expounded by illumined ‘Bhaagwat Gita’, has eternally held the power to rejuvenate India century after century. One such celebrated and illumined soul is Paramahansa Yoganandji. His life-story is referred to as a modern spiritual classic. It is an inspiring chronicle of the life of a true yogi, a glimpse into the training years in the hermitage of his God realized guru, and his startling description of ‘cosmic consciousness’ reached on the upper levels of yogic practice. His teachings are interpreted and are now creatively applied to endeavors such as education, psychology, management, and business. Our conscious and subconscious being is crowned by superconsciousness,† Rabbi Israel H. Lavinthal pointed out in a lecture in New York. â€Å"Many years ago the English psychologist F. W. H Myers, suggested that ‘hidden in the deep of our beings is a rubbish heap as well as the treasure house. ‘ In contrast to the psychology that centers all its researches on the subconscious in the man’s nature, the new psychology of the superconscious focuses its attention u pon the treasure house – the region that alone can explain the great, unselfish, heroic deeds of men. It has been experienced that knowledge, skill or even any relationship that is not supported by the undercurrents of spirituality has found to ultimately go defunct, obsolete and sometimes lost. The active expression of intelligence by great men finds its basis on the foundations of genuine virtues. Softskill training programs entrusted to maintain the morale and vigor of employees in the complexities of work environment find much success when they are enriched with sublime religious and philosophical concepts. One can not expect lasting transformation in a person until and unless the concept has touched the chord of his soul and awakened his spirit. Work and workplace become blissful, and interrelationships become softened with accommodative patience, forbearance and wisdom when people acknowledge their inherent animal instincts of vanity, greed and jealousy as the ‘suicide bombs’ that are the mother of stress and an eventual self destruction. The life story is also exemplary because of the comparative notes it has drawn from the divine Hindu texts and the holy Bible. The master has expounded the deathless essence of Christian Bible with beautiful clarity and the truth in Christ’s assertion â€Å"Heaven and Earth shall pass away, but my words shall not pass away†-Matthew 24:35 (Bible) His Pearls of Wisdom and its easy application in ordinary human life †¢ Impartiality: The execution of the trait of impartiality i. e. the ability to perceive all men in striking similarity is rooted into wisdom. A self realized person does not subject to the likes and dislikes that confuse the judgment of unenlightened men. â€Å"Conserve your powers. Be like the capacious ocean, absorbing quietly all the tributaries of the senses. Daily renewed sense yearning sap the inner peace; they are like openings in the reservoirs that permit vital waters to be wasted in the desert of materialism. The forceful and activating impulse of the wrong desire is the greatest enemy to the happiness of man. Roam in the world as the lion of self-control; don’ t let the frogs of weak senses kick around you! † †¢ Man has the natural privilege of roaming secretly in his thoughts. Manage your thoughts judiciously; destroy the wrong thoughts as soon as possible. A thought is a force, as electricity and gravitation. †¢ Thoughts should be weighed in a delicate balance of discrimination before permitting them outward garb of speech. †¢ Indulge in Auto-suggestion and self dialogue for self correction from time to time. Be your best friend. As Lord Buddha remarked ‘Atm deepam bhawam’ i. e. be your own light. †¢ Believe that and tell yourself what you need to accomplish and it shall be done. Your accomplishments often follow your subconscious expectations. The human mind is capable of accomplishing what ever it feels intensely. †¢ The world does not change for anyone. Leverage your accommodative capacity in accordance with the requirements of the world. †¢ Our behaviors are our introduction to the society. Good manners without sincerity are like beautiful dead lady. Straightforwardness without civility is like a surgeon’s knife, effective but unpleasant. Candor with courtesy is helpful and admirable. †¢ The lives of all men are dark with many shames. Human conduct is ever unreliable until man is anchored in the divine. The only sure shot to ‘rosy’ future is when we make spiritual efforts now. †¢ Keen intelligence is two edged. It can be used constructively and destructively, like a knife, either to cut the boil of ignorance or to decapitate oneself. Intelligence is rightly guided only after mind has acknowledged the inescapably of spiritual laws. The works of the yogi has helped the world understand that distinctions by race or nations are meaningless in the realm of truth, where the only qualification is the fitness to receive. Every saint who has penetrated to the core of Reality has testified that a divine universal plan exists and that it is beautiful and full of joy. The human entity composed of the tangible physical body and the invisible spirit secretly desires not only the nourishment of the body with healthy food but it also seeks nourishment of the spirit with soulful meditations and cosmic encounters. The purpose of each life is to meet God in his lifetime. The latter requires conscious effort on the part of the individual. Each of us is sent to earth to undertake a separate journey which is unique, and not a copy of another, even if it is a prophet or a saint, though to seek motivation from their lives is a much welcome step in the journey of stretching over cosmogonic abysses even while the body performs its daily duties. Article Source: http://EzineArticles. com/4946654 How to cite Summary of Autobiography of a Yogi, Papers

Copd Care Plan free essay sample

Martin, a Respiratory Therapist with a degree in Elementary Education and over 30 years experience in respiratory care, who promotes understanding of COPD through posting educational materials that are easy to understand, and actively responding to patient posts and questions. BreathingBetterLivingWell. com was also founded by Jane M. Martin. The main patient concern was finding others who understood what they were going through. -Some voiced a sense of loneliness. -Others did not want to scare loved ones or cause worry, but needed someone to talk to. Any many had fears of dying or the unknown that they did not want to express to their family or show weakness. -Some were looking for support or advice from those with similar experiences. -Others wanted companionship. -And a few had a family member or spouse that did not or did not want to realize the severity of their condition or accused them of exaggerating their symptoms. We will write a custom essay sample on Copd Care Plan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another common patient concern was what financial resources are available. -How do you qualify for financial help? -How do you apply for SSI benefits and Disability? -Where can you find discounted medication resources? And finally, many patients were looking for their condition or symptoms to be explained. -They wanted to learn more about their diagnosis. -They were curious as to how soon you may experience symptoms after diagnosis. -A few were experiencing panic attacks and wanted to know if others had the same experience and what could cause them. (Albuterol can cause panic attacks) What I found surprising was the overwhelmingly optimistic attitude of many of the members and their desire to share their experiences and new information while offering encouragement. A common phrases was â€Å"COPD is not a death sentence. † Even or especially when some patients would post a negative or depressing comment, it seemed others from their community were right there to lift their spirits and instill hope. I would definitely recommend patients who can navigate the internet to join a blog to increase their support system. Patient Care Plan GOLDs definition of COPD: â€Å"A preventable and treatable disease with some significant extrapulmonary effects that may contribute to the severity in individual patients. Its pulmonary component is characterized by irflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to noxious particles or gases. † COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, but is projected to take the number three position by 2030. It accounts for ~5% of all deaths annually. Cardiovascular diseases 2-Cerebrovascular diseases 3-Cancers 4-COPD The prevalence of COPD is nearly equal among men versus women, but female COPD patients have about three times the mortality rate of their male ounterparts. The reason for this is unclear, but may be due to the increased tobacco usage and decreased smoking cessation in women compared to men. COPD is not curable, therefore it is important to encourage proper treatment to improve the patients quality of life. It is imperative for pharmacists to understand the diagnosis process for COPD and be able to interpret basic pulmonary function tests in order to effectively council patients and recommend a care plan.

Process Analysis Essay free essay sample

The Secret This essay will provide three effective ways to stay alert and awake during a lecture. The methods are simple and easy to maintain. A person can count ceiling tiles to keep the mind and eyes focused on something while allowing the ears to freely hear the lecture given. A different way to stay occupied includes the practice of sketching effortless things in order to keep the mind focused on the lecture. The last and most effective way is to speak quietly. This essay will discuss, in detail, how to accomplish these tasks: counting ceiling tiles, sketching, and talking to oneself. First off, a way to evade falling asleep in class involves counting ceiling tiles. If a person starts dozing off in the middle of a lecture, said person could look up at the ceiling and begin counting the tiles above them. One can try deciphering the different shapes and sizes of the ceiling tiles. We will write a custom essay sample on Process Analysis Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, one can even divide them into different shapes and count them that way. This demonstrates a successful process for keeping awake and alert during any given lecture or tedious task a person must handle. Sometimes people find things such as this as difficult to accomplish even the most necessary tasks to accomplish at times. This proves to form a successful technique to prevent people from failing. Moreover, sketching helps when trying to keep oneself from drifting into a perpetual slumber during an important class or lecture. First, one must select the perfect color of ink needed to provide the ideal sketching experience and the desired fluidity of movement. This task allows a person to successfully hear the lecture being spoken and keep the mind from drifting off into unconsciousness. Second, one will need the proper paper to exercise sketching skills. Many different grades of paper are available. These range from notebook and copy paper to construction paper and card stock. Lastly, one needs the proper surface that will provide a smooth drawing experience. While the limitations of the writing surface are subject to the teaching environment or materials one has, one must choose the most solid and smooth surface. Finally, one can have a silent, mental conversation. The downfall of this technique is a person may miss key parts of the lecture given. However, this gives evidence to the fact that a person can keep the mind alert when attempting to stay awake in class. This proves itself as the most effective technique because this requires the person’s brain to stay attentive throughout the whole conversation. When a person normally speaks, one does not drift into slumber as easily. The best thing to discuss with oneself during a lecture attests to the way one maintains awareness while paying attention. In conclusion, this essay has discussed how to accomplish counting ceiling tiles, sketching, and talking to oneself. Counting ceiling tiles will the brain active and the eyes occupied, sketching provides movement for the hands and to allow the brain to concentrate on the lecture in progress, and lastly, to quietly engage in a conversation with oneself. This allows a person to remain alert and keeps a person awake during the class. With these tools, life will overwhelm ones life with success.

Talk Shows essays

Talk Shows essays Talk shows affect society in a negative way by choosing dead end topics. Jerry Springer for example his producers pick topics such as " I Cheated on You," those kind of topics allows the American public to think that cheating is okay. Broadcasting topics like cheating, which aren't positive create negative results. Alot of times people do what they see and television is the best place to see it. Another issue on talk shows is fighting. People get ideas in therehead that fighting is okay and a way to vent anger by again seeing and then doing it. Not only are these important issues, but many times talk shows tend to focus on women for example, "Make Overs" are directed mostly to women and that can make women feel self concious about themselves. If a topic is picked, it should be about both men and women. Many negative things have happened because T.V. allows the airing of these shows. If talk shows could pick out topics that can affect peoples lives in a positive way, then maybe people would't see the world as a bad place. ...

Capital Budgeting Of New Heritage Doll Company †Free Samples

The report is about New Heritage Doll Company which started its operations in the year 1985. The company has three segments i.e. retailing, production and licensing. Among the three the production segment is the most asset rich of all. The sale composition of the company comprised of 75% sales to the retailing segment of the company and the rest 25% came from manufacturing private label goods. Currently the Vice President of the company Emily Harris has been faced with the challenge of evaluating two proposals i.e. Match my Doll Clothing Line Expansion and Design your Own Doll[1]. In order to ascertain which proposal has to be selected Emily has to present her choice coupled with detailed analysis of the reasons for not choosing the other one. This would require assessment of both financial and non-financial aspects of the project’s future performance and profitability. Every project proposal shows some kind of symptoms of failure or problems. These symptoms prove to be the nerves of the future performance appraisal of the project. Careful study of these symptoms can help Emily decide the project that has to put forward for acceptance. The symptoms showed by the two proposals ae as follows: The brand manager Marcy McAdams is hurrying into the implementation and execution of the project. The project also requires huge amount of marketing and R&D outlay which suggests that the project has inherent risk of unacceptance in case it is executed without proper research and development and intensive marketing.  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this proposal the symptoms showed include complete change in the technological outlay of the organisation, webhosting capacity and immense modification will be needed in respect of third party service agreements entered into by the company. The root cause behind the symptoms help in realisation of the challenges in the implementation of the proposed project from the point of view of the profitability and various other factors.   The root causes of the problems of the proposals are as follows: In this case the implementation has to happen very quickly because of the changing trends in the tastes and preferences of the children. The immense marketing has to be undertaken in order to stay ahead of the competitors as this is easier proposal from the point of execution as it doesn’t require heavy capital expenditure in terms of new machinery or technology etc[2]. The company is not fully unaware about the execution of the proposal as it has already been executed in a smaller previously by the company. The reason for the complete change in the technological outlay is because the changes made by the customer as per his desires to the doll are dependent upon how well the software is designed. The webhosting capacity has to be increased as it must be accessible to every customer whenever they want. A large number of customers may log in at the same time which might cause technical problems in the future. This is one of the major and basic requirements of the proposal. This can prove to be a major deterrent in terms of the flexibility of the organisation in response to the changes taking place in the technological field. From the quantitative analysis conducted it is seen that the net present value of the Match my doll proposal is way higher than that of the Design my doll. This objectively suggests the choice to be made in terms of the profitability of the business. The management should proceed with the first proposal[3]. While conducting the quantitative analysis due consideration has been given on the various factors like the working capital requirement of the proposal, the capital expenditure of the project and the projected operating profits from the project in the future. The calculation of NPV, IRR, Payback period and profitability are provided in the Appendix. The decision for the best investment project have been made after factoring in all the relevant calculations. Based on the calculations it can be said that the Match My Doll proposal is the best available option for the company. In order to conduct the qualitative analysis the requirements of both the proposals must be understood objectively. The first proposal requires huge marketing for its success. But, it must be kept in mind that one of the variant of the design my doll is already time tested in the past when it consisted of the some accessories for the warm weather. This shows that the project despite not much requirement for changing the operational structure of the organisation can prove to be successful. On the other hand design my doll requires complete change of the operational structure of the organisation especially in the field of technology used by it[4]. The fixed cost per unit of the products thus produced by the entity will rise along with the complexity of the manufacturing process. The proposal not only requires the company to change its way of operation but also requires it to take the risk of losing its loyal old customers and in addition to that it will be compelled to charge higher pr ice from its customers. It is recommended that the first proposal is accepted due to profitability as well as organisational reasons. The second proposal cannot be selected because its net present value of inflows is significantly lower than the first proposal and also it demands immense amount of organisational change both in the field of capital expenditure and the technological requirement. Almazan, Andres, Zhaohui Chen, and Sheridan Titman. "Firm Investment and Stakeholder Choices: A Top?Down Theory of Capital Budgeting."  The Journal of Finance  (2017). Burns, Richard, and Joe Walker. "Capital budgeting surveys: the future is now." (2015). Chittenden, Francis, and Mohsen Derregia. "Uncertainty, irreversibility and the use of ‘rules of thumb’in capital budgeting."  The British   Accounting Review  47, no. 3 (2015): 225-236. Johnson, Nicole Bastian, and Thomas Pfeiffer. "Capital budgeting and divisional performance measurement."  Foundations and Trends ® in   Accounting 10, no. 1 (2016): 1-100.

Egypt Revolution of 1919 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Egypt Revolution of 1919 - Essay Example British promised to evacuate Egypt but it did not materialize. Therefore, big chapter in Egypt’s foreign occupation and Britain’s global empire (Daly, 1988). Saad Zaghul formed the Egyptian delegation party known as â€Å"wafd†. This party started pressing nationalist cause. Tactics of civil disobedience was used by people to begin a huge movement of independence. Zaghlul and Wafd had gathered massive public support. Petition for full independence of Egypt was lodged. British could sense the rising support for Wafd leaders. British arrested Zaghlul and other main leaders of movement and exiled them to Malta. The ultimate outcome of all this was revolution in Egypt (Daly, 1988). The Egyptian revolution of 1919 compelled British government to recognize Egypt as independent state in 1922 and then ultimately implementation to new constitution took place in 1923. Causes Egypt came under British rule on December 14 1914. People were agitated against the British rule an d they got united in their discontent. During the war about 1.5 million Egyptians were recruited in the labor corps by British army. Main infrastructure of the country was seized for the army. Saad Zaghlul was founder of the Wafd party during World War 1. The party got fame just after the war setting the goal of ending British occupation. 14 points of Woodrow got fame and inspired nationalists. On November 11 1918, Zaghlul requested high commissioner Sir Reginald Wingate to permit Wafd activists for presenting Egypt’s demand for independence in London. Wafd party members were not allowed to visit London (Bisgaard-Church, 2011). Party kept sending messages to House of Commons but no response shown by British government. In March 1919, Zaghlul was arrested by the British with two other part leaders and then exiled them to Malta. This resulted in countrywide protests incorporating people from all walks of life against the British Occupation. Cairo and Alexandria witnessed the ma in strikes against British held by men, women, shop owners and tradesmen. Milner mission was sent by British to access the real political and diplomatic situation in Egypt but his visit was boycotted (Bisgaard-Church, 2011). Zaghlul returned to Egypt from exile on April 4 1921. Allenby was clear in his mind that Zaghlul is a British puppet and wants to create new independent Egypt as per British desires. Zaghlul was again exiled to Seychelles in December. Exile was responded by Egyptians by countrywide strikes and protests (Bisgaard-Church, 2011). Events Egyptian nationalists demanded independence from British after the World War 1 ended. Wafd was formed which demanded independence at Paris conference. 13 November 1918 was celebrated as day of struggle. Wafd party was formed by Saad Zaghlul. This party wanted to visit London for demanding independence of Egypt but it was denied. Zaghlul and other party members were arrested on 8 March 1918 and further sent to Malta. This resulted in mobilizing people countrywide marking the beginning of revolution. Basic road and railways infrastructure was destroyed (Zunes, 1999). Zaghlul’s wife initiated women participation in movement by protesting against British occupation with 300 ladies. Demonstration held at Abdin palace of about 1000 civil servants and students was peak of the revolution. British took stern action to bring down demonstration by killing 800 Egyptians. British sent Lord Milner in May 1919 for giving self-governance to

Response journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Response journal - Essay Example This guy tells how Indians fled to the mountain to escape the inhuman nature of Spaniards. The Indians flees into the mountains from the Spaniards oppression. I would have liked it if they stayed and defended their native land although much of the suffering they underwent, seems unbearable. Spaniards employed attacks on children and women. Yes, they are the most vulnerable species but I would prefer if the Spaniards would have only attacked men alone. Oppressions of the Indians in the hands of Spaniards calling themselves Christians makes me feel that Christianity as a religion, is all about man’s laws and yet it is not. Christianity as a religion is seen as ‘holly’ because it is Godly with empathy and sympathy. I will prefer the author to ignore the idea of Spaniards referring to themselves as Christians and maybe give them a name without considering religion. Oppression Indians endures from Spaniards invention, known as the Grater Antilles, is inhuman. As Christ ians, though judgement cannot be passed unless God himself judge, they are expected to be fair and loving to others. Whenever a Factories is built in any given area, I expect job opportunities to be created. Job creation improves living standards of those around the area. It is sad to see factories built on unhealthy land that is unfavourable for the settlement. The main purpose of this factories should not be to provide a place to keep goods that arrive late at the but to cater for Indies needs. Slavey emerges, an idea that I can not support but fight to discard out. Spaniards uses this factory as a place of forecasting weather condition in order not to pose any threat to slaves being transported by canoes. It is sad to see someone being cared for as a slave but not as a native of the land. In this case, human life i is being dealt with knowingly Spaniards who are calling themselves Christians, in an animosity way.

Research paper about the effects of divorce on children Essay Example for Free

Research paper about the effects of divorce on children Essay Only acts of war and the events of natural disasters are more harmful to a childs psyche than the divorce process. The Newsletter of the American Academy of Matrimonial Lawyers, 1997 Prior to 1985, divorce was hard to obtain in Canada. However, with the passage of the Divorce Act of 1985, which allowed divorce after one years separation, the divorce rate reached an all time high of 3.55 (per 1,000) in 1987 (Campbell, 2000). In 2000, Canadas population reached 30.7 million. 1.4 million people had divorced as opposed to 14. 6 million who remained married (Canadian Stats, 2001). The Canadian divorce rate is 2.46 (per 1000) with an average of 73,000 divorces per year (Campbell, 2000). Research indicates that divorce is a painful transition in the lives of all involved, especially children. Their wounds become more painful and troublesome over time. The impact of divorce steadily increases over the first three decades of childrens lives (Children Divorce, 2001). And, although the effects of divorce do not necessarily secure the failure of these children as adults, they do make the challenges of growing up even more difficult than they already are. Divorce affects boys and girls in different ways. Adolescent males often become more aggressive and destructive, while females initially cope well (Wendel, 1997) However, in young adulthood, they develop problems. This is known as the sleeper effect (Wendel, 1997). When children of divorce reach their twenties and begin to engage in relationships of their own, some become afraid that they will repeat the failure of their parents (Wendel, 1997). Others develop a distrust of relationships, fearing they will be the ones abandoned or betrayed by their spouse (Wendel, 1997). Moreover, these children tend to get more caught in the cycle of drug and alcohol abuse, become sexually active at a young age, lack academic competence, have difficulty forming romantic relationships later in life, and lastly, feel a deep sense of abandonment and loneliness (Children, 2001). In nearly all cases of divorce, one parent is forced to relocate. This can be a harmful experience for children as they leave behind friends and a  familiar environment. Relocating often leaves the youth lonely and isolated (Children, 2001). Making new friends and adjusting to a new environment is obviously a difficult task, especially when one must cope with a new domestic situation All in all, divorce may have a lasting impact on children as it can cause them several adjustment problems. Research seems to indicate that there is: a higher incidence of adjustment problems among children of divorce compared with those of intact families; a relationship between marital status, predivorce parenting practices, and childrens adjustment to divorce; and, lastly, a variety of different effects of divorce on the adjustment and interpersonal problems of children As children grow older, they will come to terms with the fact that divorce is an adult decision over which they have no control over. Their visions of the traditional nuclear family begin to slowly fade and disappear in early adulthood. In nearly all cases, acceptance is a slow and steady process which requires rational and caring communication between both parents (Wendel, 1997). There is a higher incidence of adjustment problems among children of divorce compared with children in two-parent families (Simons, Lin, Gordon, Conger, Lorenz, 1999). The differences can be explained by loss of family income, parental conflict, psychological adjustment and parenting practices of the custodial parent, and the level of involvement of the noncustodial parent (Simons et al., 1999). Parental divorce increases the chances that a child will have difficulty with school, engage in early sex, suffer depression, commit delinquent acts, and use illicit substances (Simons et al., 1999). Adults who experienced parental divorce as children have poor psychological adjustment, lower socioeconomic attainment, and greater marital instability than adults reared in a nuclear family (Simons et al., 1999). The impact of reduced family income on the adjustment of children of divorce  (COD) may be expressed indirectly through its negative effect on the emotional well-being and quality of parenting of the custodial parent (Simons et al., 1999). The quality of the mothers parenting mediates much of the association between divorce and child adjustment problems (Simons et al., 1999). This finding holds for both boys and girls. Parental depression and ineffective parenting explain a big portion of the correlation between divorce and internalizing (emotional stress) and externalizing problems (aggressive, delinquent behaviour) (Simons et al., 1999). Marital conflict operates to disrupt quality of parenting, which in turn increases the childs risk for internal and external problems (Simons et al., 1999). The association between divorce and boys externalizing problems can be explained by the quality of the mothers parenting and of the fathers involvement in parenting (Simons et al., 1999). On the other hand, there are three factors that serve to increase the probability that boys will experience internalizing problems: predivorce parental conflict, mothers depression, and low quality parenting (Simons et al., 1999). Boys with divorced parents tend to be more depressed than those from two-parent families regardless of the psychological adjustment, level of conflict, or quality of parenting manifested by their parents (Simons et al., 1999). Parental divorce has been shown to be more emotionally disturbing to boys than to girls. Boys continue to show higher rates of depression than boys in nuclear families even when their mothers show positive psychological adjustment and engage in competent parenting (Simons et al., 1999). Compared with fathers in nuclear families, nonresidential fathers are less likely to help their children solve problems, to discuss standards of conduct, or to enforce discipline (Simons et al., 1999). This finding suggests that a divorced father who remains actively involved as a parent may significantly reduce his sons chances of conduct problems. The quality of the fathers parenting does not mediate the association between parental divorce and girls antisocial behaviour (Simons et al.,  1999). Divorce elevates a girls risk for depression because it increases the chances that her mother will become depressed, which in turn reduces the quality of her parenting (Simons et al., 1999). Besides quality of mothers parenting, postdivorce parental conflict serves to mediate the association between divorce and delinquency by girls. Girls appear to respond with less distress than boys and are at no greater risk for depression than girls living in nuclear families if their mothers are able to avoid depression and engage in competent parenting after divorce (Simons et al., 1999). Even after controlling for quality of parenting, predivorce conflict increases the chances of depression in boys whereas postdivorce conflict elevates a girls risk for conduct problems. Research findings conclude that the threat of parental loss, rather than parental conflict, may be what is disturbing to a child (Simons et al., 1999). Also, COD are at risk for adjustment problems because their parents are less likely to engage in competent parenting and are more likely to engage in parental conflict than parents who are married to each other (Simons et al., 1999). There is a relationship between marital status, predivorce parenting practices, and childrens adjustment to divorce (Shaw, Emery, Tuer, 1993). Prospective relations of parenting practices indicate that parents of to-be-divorced families with sons show less concern, and higher levels of rejection, economic stress, and parental conflict prior to divorce in comparison to intact families (Shaw et al., 1993). There are no behavioural differences for boys and girls in to-be-divorced versus intact families, but boys tend to have more problems after divorce (Shaw et al., 1993). The difficulties found among boys after divorce may be linked with parenting problems that begin before divorce (Shaw et al., 1993). Both prior to and following divorce, girls from divorced families show fewer consistent differences in terms of psychological adjustment than girls from always-married families (Shaw et al., 1993). Conversely, boys show an increase in problems following the divorce. Their greater vulnerability following divorce is attributed to a host of parental factors following the  parental separation: greater and longer exposure to domestic quarrels; more inconsistency, use of negative sanctions, and opposition from parents; less attendance to sons needs and less positive parental support (Shaw et al., 1993). For boys, the proportion of variance in behaviour problems explained by divorce falls to a level where differences are no longer significant (Shaw et al., 1993). For girls, predivorce conditions account for variance in their adjustment following divorce (Shaw et al., 1993). Divorce is still significant for them once predivorce behavioural adjustment is taken into account (Shaw et al., 1993). Girls from divorced families may cope with later stressors more successfully, and thereby show a better adjustment in young adulthood, because their divorce experience is of a more controlled nature (Shaw et al., 1993). Boys may respond less favourably because of their increased vulnerability to stress in general, but also because the initial impact of divorce involves a less controlled exposure to stress (Shaw et al., 1993). For most boys, divorce is also associated with the loss of daily contact with the same-sex parent. Though the fathers departure may provide relief from witnessing parental disputes, it comes at the price of losing daily contact with the father (Shaw et al., 1993). Boys who live with mothers following the divorce are at an increased risk for later behaviour difficulties in comparison to boys in father-custody homes (Shaw et al., 1993). Parental conflict, rejection, and a lack of parental concern play a role in differentiating the home environments of boys from to-be-divorced and always-married families (Shaw et al., 1993). Parenting differences in the predivorce home are related to divorced boys subsequent greater level of adaption difficulty in young adulthood (Shaw et al., 1993). Lastly, boys from to-be-divorced families come from family environments characterized by greater rejection, economic stress, and less concern than boys from intact families, and, as a result, these same boys have more adjustment problems after the divorce (Shaw et al., 1993). To summarize, relations between predivorce parenting problems and difficulties in children adjustment are  stronger for boys than for girls. There are a variety of different effects of divorce on the adjustment and interpersonal problems of children (Pruett Pruett, 1999; Bolgar, Zweig, Paris, 1995; Radovanovic, 1993). One effect of divorce is caused by the fact that young children are egocentric. Therefore, they may attribute blame for parental conflict to themselves, resulting in feelings of guilt and low self-esteem (Pruett et al., 1999). For this reason, children from high-conflict families may not learn the social skills (such as negotiation and compromise) necessary to ensure rewarding relationships in childhood and adulthood (Pruett et al., 1999). Another effect of divorce is youth leaving home early to escape from an aversive home environment (Pruett et al., 1999). This pattern may involve curtailing educational plans; it may also involve marriage at an early age to an inappropriate partner, resulting in poor marital quality and an elevated risk of divorce (Pruett et al., 1999). COD suffer problems with control. Since COD have no power to stop their parents from divorcing, a need is created to control relationships which lasts into young adulthood (Bolgar et al., 1995). The need to control extends to non-intimate relationships, such as authority figures. Therefore, COD have difficulties getting along with authority (Bolgar et al., 1995). Adults who experience parental divorce as children, compared with adults raised in intact two-parent homes, have greater psychological problems, lower socio-economic attainment, poorer quality marital relationships, and an increased propensity to divorce (Pruett et al., 1999). High levels of interparental, verbal and physical aggression characterize exchanges between ex-spouses and exert a negative impact on childrens adjustment. Consequently, there is a negative impact of interparental conflict on childrens behaviour and emotional functioning (Radovanovic, 1993). High levels of parental discord are associated with interpersonal problems for young adults (Bolgar et al., 1995). Other antecedents  associated with interpersonal problems are: the mother never remarrying, the mother remarrying more than once, high preseparation parent hostility, and high levels of maternal interference in the relationship of the child with the other parent after the separation (Bolgar et al., 1995). High levels of preseparation parental hostility are associated with young adults greater sense of being too controlling in their interpersonal relationships (Bolgar et al., 1995). High or moderate levels of maternal interference in the childs relationship with the father after separation are associated with greater problems with intimacy (Bolgar et al., 1995). Research findings conclude that in high-conflict families, children have less adjustment problems if their parents divorce (Pruett et al., 1999). Conversely, in low-conflict families, children have less problems if their parents stay together (Pruett et al., 1999). Lastly, children who share a warm, supportive relationship with an emotionally well-adjusted custodial parent practicing fair and firm parenting are likely to do well, despite the presence of interparental conflict (Radovanovic, 1993). Parents need to work together. By doing so, they reduce the anxiety that children experience through their parents divorce. No matter how harsh the relationship between ex-spouses, if the two parties work together, the relationship with their child will be a successful one. In conclusion, I think this essay has proven that divorce has a lasting impact on children as it causes them several adjustment problems. Research indicates that there is: a higher incidence of adjustment problems among children of divorce compared with those of intact families; a relationship between marital status, predivorce parenting practices, and childrens adjustment to divorce; and, lastly, a variety of different effects of divorce on the adjustment and interpersonal problems of children. The adjustment problems that COD face compared to those in intact families shows that even after controlling for quality of parenting, predivorce  conflict increases the chances of depression in boys, whereas postdivorce conflict elevates a girls risk for conduct problems. Also, COD are at risk for adjustment problems because their parents are less likely to engage in competent parenting and are more likely to engage in parental conflict than parents who are married to each other (Simons et al., 1999). The relationship between marital status, predivorce parenting practices, and childrens adjustment to divorce shows that both prior to and following divorce, girls from divorced families show fewer consistent differences in terms of psychological adjustment than girls from intact families (Shaw et al., 1993). Conversely, boys show an increase in problems following divorce. Their greater vulnerability following divorce is credited to: greater exposure to domestic quarrels; less attendance to sons needs, and less positive parental support (Shaw et al., 1993). Lastly, a variety of different effects of divorce on the adjustment and interpersonal problems of children shows that high levels of interparental aggression characterize exchanges between ex-spouses and exert a negative impact on childrens adjustment. Consequently, there is a negative impact of interparental conflict on childrens behaviour and emotional functioning (Radovanovic, 1993). Areas of future research: the relationships between the childhood and divorce experiences; the functioning of children of divorce in later adult roles of spouse, parent, and worker; extension of prospective research on children from divorced families to include the investigation of family environment, as well as child adjustment; giving greater attention to what is happening in the family prior to divorce; clarifying the connections between interparental conflict, divorce, and parent-child relationships; defining the processes by which stress, social networks, and coping affect childrens adjustment after parental divorce. The many problems divorce causes children, such as increased adjustment and interpersonal problems, all can be prevented, or at least minimized. We need to find ways that lessen the impact of divorce for children and teach  parents how their divorce causes long-term harm to their children. Preventing destructive forms of parental conflict and promoting a healthy co-parenting relationship are potentially effective means of reducing childrens risk for many of the negative outcomes associated with parental divorce (Shifflett, Cummings, 1999). Things that parents can do to minimize the impact of divorce on children: build their childrens social skills; find a support network; stay, if possible, in the same community as the non-residential parent; disengage if conflict arises; stay optimistic; (Kalter, 1987). Things that children can do to minimize the impact of divorce: keep a resilient temperament; have good social skills empathy, sense of humour, interpersonal awareness; have a support network of friends and relatives; success at school helps; a supportive relationship with just one parent can minimize the impact of a difficult relationship with the other parent; economic stability is helpful (Kalter, 1987). Children of divorce need to understand that divorce is an issue between two adults, and although the divorce will affect the children, they must understand that they are not the cause of it. The negative impact of divorce is so strong that children of divorced parents struggle as adults to create a positive, healthy family environment for their own children. All too often, adults who experienced divorce as children prove less capable of breaking the cycle and instead pass on a legacy of tragedy to their children and their childrens children (Fagan, 2000).

The Theme of Prejudice In To Kill A Mocking Bird Essay -- To Kill a Moc

The Theme of Prejudice In To Kill A Mocking Bird A dominant theme in the novel 'To Kill a Mocking Bird' is the cruelty that people inflict upon others. In the small old, tired town of Maycomb most people do not hold on to their convictions when they are put under pressure from others and as result lose their individuality and suffer from prejudice. From the beginning of the novel we are shown prejudice by the children's prejudice towards Arthur Radley. Who at the age of 18 committed a crime and due to strong beliefs of his father a Baptist minister was locked up from society. He is a victim of strong social prejudice. Boo is at the centre of gossip and superstition. He is a character surrounded with mystery and suspense. At first we do not know whether or not the eerie tale's surrounding Boo are true or not. Miss Maudie tells us a non-bias character that " Miss Stephanie Crawford even told me once she woke up in the middle of the night and found him looking in the window at her." In which she replies "what did you do Stephanie, move over in bed and make room for him?" Suggesting that she does not follow the ways of others and judge Boo as she believes that everyone has their faults and that no one is perfect. Scandalous rumours such as Boo breathing on azaleas froze in a cold snap, it was because he had breathed on them or that any stealthy small crimes committed in Maycomb were his work make him appear as a kind of monster. But gradually as the children grow they become more friendly and understanding towards Boo. Taking on board Atticus's teachings that you could not possible know another persons situation unless you stand in ... ...gifts Mr Nathan Radley covers up the whole in the tree stopping all communication. At the end of the novel we then find out that Boo is a normal decent man who saves Jem and Scout from Mr Bob Ewell when he attacks them after the Halloween event. Tom on the other hand could not prevent his prejudice and no matter what a great caring and loving man he was would never be respected or believed over a white women. " I did not appreciate the subtlety of Tom's predicament, he could not have dared to strike a white woman under any circumstances and expect to live long, so he took the first opportunity to run." By the end of the novel Scout and Jem have grown up and realised that they do not have to follow the ways of Maycomb but to stand up for what they believe in and not to follow the town's prejudice and evil, cruel ways.

Limescale: Water and Vinegar Essay

Limescale is the deposits left behind by hard water. Limescale is mainly made up of calcium and magnesium. We advise you not to use acetic acid-based descaler (vinegar), as this could have a negative effect on the taste of the coffee. Note: Never use a vinegar-based descaling agent with 8% or more acetic acid to descale the appliance, as this may cause damage. (2) citric acid is used mainly for home use, for getting rid of lime scale,(kettles, baths, toilets), in hard water areas. It is a natural material (found in fruit), and is non toxic, and doesn’t smell like vinegar would if you used that. By the way, I’ve answered your sulfamic acid question. (3) Citric acid is a colourless fruit acid. It is obtained directly from citrus fruits but can also be produced biotechnically. In system cleaning, the citric acid in AquaStar 1 is used for natural and effective descaling of the drinking water system (the water heater in particular). The descaling effect is achieved by a combination of the acid and the formation of a calcium complex. The advantage of using citric acid instead of vinegar for cleaning drinking water systems is the avoidance of the unpleasant vinegary taste. Citric acid also affords better corrosion protection to stainless steel containers by removing free iron from their surfaces. Vinegar is produced by fermenting alcoholic liquids with acetic acid bacteria (Mycoderma aceti). Vinegar is a descaling agent due to its acid content, but it leaves behind an unpleasant taste which adheres to plastics and rubber and is very difficult to remove. Vinegar is not suitable for descaling drinking water systems in mobile homes, as it attacks rubber seals and even some metals. (4) Many people believe that vinegar is the best limescale remover. However, using a citric acid-based decalcifier may cause precipitation and thus deposits that can prevent your household appliances from functioning properly, for example by clogging the fine lines and valves in coffee machines. The citric acid can also create an insoluble film that seals off the limescale deposits. Moreover, the decalcification process will take significantly longer with citric acid than with durgol ®. The acetic acid and flavour additives in vinegar or vinegar essence produce an unpleasant odour during decalcification. A further problem is that the odour can be absorbed into plastic materials, an unwelcome side effect especially in food-related applications. Furthermore, certain plastics can be damaged by acetic acid. As with citric acid, decalcification takes significantly longer with vinegar than with durgol ®. (5) Advantages of using Sulphamic Acid Sulphamic Acid has very high shelf life. Sulphamic acid do not require storage/handing arrangement hence no adulteration possible. Sulphamic acid has very high effectivity of the descaling. Complete cleaning can be chemically achieved by Sulphamic acid and does not require post descaling manual cleaning. Sulphamic acid is safe acid, packed in 50 kgs HDPE bags and has no handling hazards. No storage tanks / system required for dosing. The solid can be directly charged to system eliminating the cost of system reduces the leave of scaling solids and acts as anti – descalant. Accidental excess dosing does not affect the metal of the circulating system but it acts to remove the deposited scale from the system. It is recommended to does into the cooling water for descaling the condenser on running plant. (6) Use vinegar to clean away the scale that forms at the base of your kettle or around your showerhead. The acid in vinegar makes it a great all-round cleaner, and it’s also what makes it an ideal natural descaler. Use the cheapest vinegar you can find. Pour this into your kettle and leave it overnight. The next day, pour the vinegar back into its bottle – you can keep it and reuse it for descaling, it’ll work time and time again. Just remember to label the bottle so you don’t mix it up with the vinegar you use in your food! You’ll see that your kettle is sparkling and scale-free once you’ve treated it with vinegar overnight. Rinse it out well, and boil a couple of kettles of water to remove any traces of vinegar before using it again. You can also put your showerhead in a bowl of vinegar – again, it’s best to leave this overnight. The vinegar will clean away any scale that builds up around the water holes in your shower head. It’s good to do this regularly (every couple of months) as blocked holes in your shower head can actually cause water temperature fluctuations, which are never pleasant in the shower! As with the vinegar you use for your kettle, you can re-use vinegar descaling the showerhead. (7) Limescale consists of insoluble calcium salts such as calcium carbonate. Descalers act by forming soluble calcium salts allowing the scale to be washed away . These descalers are usually acidic – vinegar can be used as a descaler because it contains acetic acid and it will react with the scale to produce calcium acetate, which is soluble. The disadvantage of vinegar is that it has a strong taste and smell – so if it is used to descale a kettle , the taste and smell will linger for some time giving a bad taste to tea or coffee made using water from the kettle. Citric acid is preferred because it does not have this disadvantage. It will produce soluble calcium citrate.

How Potato Chips Are Made

The Manufacturing Process * 1 When the potatoes arrive at the plant, they are examined and tasted for quality. A half dozen or so buckets are randomly filled. Some are punched with holes in their cores so that they can be tracked through the cooking process. The potatoes are examined for green edges and blemishes. The pile of defective potatoes is weighed; if the weight exceeds a company's preset allowance, the entire truckload can be rejected. * 2 The potatoes move along a  conveyer belt  to the various stages of manufacturing.The conveyer belts are powered by gentle vibrations to keep breakage to a minimum. Destoning and peeling * 3 The potatoes are loaded into a vertical helical screw conveyer which allows stones to fall to the bottom and pushes the potatoes up to a conveyer belt to the automatic peeling machine. After they have been peeled, the potatoes are washed with cold water. Slicing * 4 The potatoes pass through a revolving impaler/presser that cuts them into paper-thin slices, between 0. 066-0. 072 in (1. 7-1. 85 mm) in thickness. Straight blades produce regular chips while rippled blades produce ridged potato chips. 5 The slices fall into a second cold-water wash that removes the  starch  released when the potatoes are cut. Some manufacturers, who market their chips as natural, do not wash the starch off the potatoes. Color treatment * 6 If the potatoes need to be chemically treated to enhance their color, it is done at this stage. The potato slices are immersed in a solution that has been adjusted for pH, hardness, and mineral content. Frying and salting * 7 The slices pass under air jets that remove excess water as they flow into 40-75 ft (12. 2-23 m) troughs filled with oil.The oil temperature is kept at 350-375 °F (176. 6-190. 5 °C). Paddles gently push the slices along. As the slices tumble, salt is sprinkled from receptacles positioned above the trough at the rate of about 1. 75 lb (0. 79 kg) of salt to each 100 lb (45. 4 kg) of ch ips. The Manufacturing Process * 1 When the potatoes arrive at the plant, they are examined and tasted for quality. A half dozen or so buckets are randomly filled. Some are punched with holes in their cores so that they can be tracked through the cooking process. The potatoes are examined for green edges and blemishes.The pile of defective potatoes is weighed; if the weight exceeds a company's preset allowance, the entire truckload can be rejected. * 2 The potatoes move along a  conveyer belt  to the various stages of manufacturing. The conveyer belts are powered by gentle vibrations to keep breakage to a minimum. Destoning and peeling * 3 The potatoes are loaded into a vertical helical screw conveyer which allows stones to fall to the bottom and pushes the potatoes up to a conveyer belt to the automatic peeling machine. After they have been peeled, the potatoes are washed with cold water.Slicing * 4 The potatoes pass through a revolving impaler/presser that cuts them into paper -thin slices, between 0. 066-0. 072 in (1. 7-1. 85 mm) in thickness. Straight blades produce regular chips while rippled blades produce ridged potato chips. * 5 The slices fall into a second cold-water wash that removes the  starch  released when the potatoes are cut. Some manufacturers, who market their chips as natural, do not wash the starch off the potatoes. Color treatment * 6 If the potatoes need to be chemically treated to enhance their color, it is done at this stage.The potato slices are immersed in a solution that has been adjusted for pH, hardness, and mineral content. Frying and salting * 7 The slices pass under air jets that remove excess water as they flow into 40-75 ft (12. 2-23 m) troughs filled with oil. The oil temperature is kept at 350-375 °F (176. 6-190. 5 °C). Paddles gently push the slices along. As the slices tumble, salt is sprinkled from receptacles positioned above the trough at the rate of about 1. 75 lb (0. 79 kg) of salt to each 100 lb (45. 4 kg ) of chips. Potatoes arrive daily at manufacturing plants.After they are checked for quality, they are stored at a constant temperature unfil they are processed into potato chips. Some manufacturers treat the potatoes with chemicals to improve the color of the final product. To make the chips, potatoes are fried in either corn oil, cottonseed oil, or a blend of vegetable oils. Flake salt rather than crystal salt is used to season the chips. * 8 Potato chips that are to be flavored pass through a drum filled with the desired powdered seasonings. Cooling and sorting * 9 At the end of the trough, a wire mesh belt pulls out the hot chips.As the chips move along the mesh conveyer belt, excess oil is drained off and the chips begin to cool. They then move under an optical sorter that picks out any burnt slices and removes them with puffs of air. Packaging * 10 The chips are conveyed to a packaging machine with a scale. As the pre-set weight of chips is measured, a metal detector checks th e chips once more for any foreign matter such as metal pieces that could have come with the potatoes or been picked up in the frying process. * 11 The bags flow down from a roll. A central processing unit (CPU) code on the bag tells the machine how many chips should be released into the bag.As the bag forms, (heat seals the top of the filled bag and seals the bottom of the next bag simultaneously) gates open and allow the proper amount of chips to fall into the bag. * 12 The filling process must be accomplished without letting an  overabundance  of air into the bag, while also preventing the chips from breaking. Many manufacturers use  nitrogen  to fill the space in the bags. The sealed bags are conveyed to a collator and hand-packed into cartons. * 13 Some companies pack potato chips in I O cans of various sizes. The chips flow down a chute into the cans.Workers weigh each can, make any necessary adjustments, and attach a top to the can. Quality Control Taste samples are ma de from each batch throughout the manufacturing process, usually at a rate of once per hour. The tasters check the chips for salt, seasoning, moisture, color, and overall flavor. Color is compared to charts that show acceptable chip colors. Preventing breakage is a primary goal for potato chip manufacturers. Companies have installed safeguards at various points in the manufacturing process to decrease the chances for breakage. The heights that chips fall from conveyer belts to fryers have been decreased.Plastic conveyer belts have been replaced with wide mesh stainless steel belts. These allow only the larger chips to travel to the fryers and the smaller potato slivers to fall through the mesh. Byproducts/Waste Rejected potatoes and peelings are sent to farms to be used as animal feed. The starch that is removed in the rinsing process is sold to a starch processor. The Future Potato chips show no sign of declining in popularity. However, the public's increased demand for low-fat foo ds has put manufacturers on a fast track to produce a reduced-calorie chip that pleases the palate as well.In the late 1990s, Proctor and Gamble introduced olestra, a fat substitute that was being test-marketed in a variety of products, including potato chips. Food technicians are using computer programs to design a crunchier chip. Upper- and lower-wave forms are fed into the computer at varying amplitudes, frequencies, and phases. The computer then spits out the corresponding models. Researchers are also working on genetically engineered potatoes with less sugar content since it is the sugar that produces brown spots on chips. Potatoes arrive daily at manufacturing plants.After they are checked for quality, they are stored at a constant temperature unfil they are processed into potato chips. Some manufacturers treat the potatoes with chemicals to improve the color of the final product. To make the chips, potatoes are fried in either corn oil, cottonseed oil, or a blend of vegetable oils. Flake salt rather than crystal salt is used to season the chips. * 8 Potato chips that are to be flavored pass through a drum filled with the desired powdered seasonings. Cooling and sorting * 9 At the end of the trough, a wire mesh belt pulls out the hot chips.As the chips move along the mesh conveyer belt, excess oil is drained off and the chips begin to cool. They then move under an optical sorter that picks out any burnt slices and removes them with puffs of air. Packaging * 10 The chips are conveyed to a packaging machine with a scale. As the pre-set weight of chips is measured, a metal detector checks the chips once more for any foreign matter such as metal pieces that could have come with the potatoes or been picked up in the frying process. * 11 The bags flow down from a roll. A central processing unit (CPU) code on the bag tells the machine how many chips should be released into the bag.As the bag forms, (heat seals the top of the filled bag and seals the bottom of t he next bag simultaneously) gates open and allow the proper amount of chips to fall into the bag. * 12 The filling process must be accomplished without letting an  overabundance  of air into the bag, while also preventing the chips from breaking. Many manufacturers use  nitrogen  to fill the space in the bags. The sealed bags are conveyed to a collator and hand-packed into cartons. * 13 Some companies pack potato chips in I O cans of various sizes. The chips flow down a chute into the cans.Workers weigh each can, make any necessary adjustments, and attach a top to the can. Quality Control Taste samples are made from each batch throughout the manufacturing process, usually at a rate of once per hour. The tasters check the chips for salt, seasoning, moisture, color, and overall flavor. Color is compared to charts that show acceptable chip colors. Preventing breakage is a primary goal for potato chip manufacturers. Companies have installed safeguards at various points in the ma nufacturing process to decrease the chances for breakage. The heights that chips fall from conveyer belts to fryers have been decreased.Plastic conveyer belts have been replaced with wide mesh stainless steel belts. These allow only the larger chips to travel to the fryers and the smaller potato slivers to fall through the mesh. Byproducts/Waste Rejected potatoes and peelings are sent to farms to be used as animal feed. The starch that is removed in the rinsing process is sold to a starch processor. The Future Potato chips show no sign of declining in popularity. However, the public's increased demand for low-fat foods has put manufacturers on a fast track to produce a reduced-calorie chip that pleases the palate as well. In the late 990s, Proctor and Gamble introduced olestra, a fat substitute that was being test-marketed in a variety of products, including potato chips. Food technicians are using computer programs to design a crunchier chip. Upper- and lower-wave forms are fed int o the computer at varying amplitudes, frequencies, and phases. The computer then spits out the corresponding models. Researchers are also working on genetically engineered potatoes with less sugar content since it is the sugar that produces brown spots on chips. Read more:  http://www. madehow. com/Volume-3/Potato-Chip. html#b#ixzz2LGhArQvs

Developing a Global Water Resource Plan

Developing a Global Water Resource Plan Free Online Research Papers When ancient tribal-man set out in a small canoe with a net and a small fishing pole, none could have envisioned a future where massive fleets of trolling ships could strip the oceans bare of an entire species of fish. As occurs with many of mankind’s modern achievements, the push for more, more, and more will eventually overwhelm and collapse the delicate balance of nature that humanity too often takes for granted. Much research has been done which indicates that overfishing is severely impacting the population of many large ocean-dwelling fish. Interestingly, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration indicates that presently swordfish are not in danger and overfishing is not occurring with this particular species. Their report says that the populations of swordfish are â€Å"very healthy† and within range to support maximum yield. (National Marine Fisheries Service, 2009) While this national data seems contradictory to the points presented by the video , it can be said that if the existing practice of overfishing a species continues, it is likely that many of these species will be completely eliminated from this habitat. Overfishing is defined as harvesting more fish from a particular environment or region at a rate beyond that which the fish can naturally repopulate. Current research indicates that over 80% of the large fish population has been stripped from the oceans by commercial fishing enterprises within the last fifty years. Tuna and swordfish, the two most heavily sought after species, were once plentiful in many oceans but now are nearing extinction. It is almost difficult to envision the impact on global markets if these species were to disappear off the face of the Earth. Beyond the obvious inconvenience to mankind, nature’s carefully balanced ecology is disrupted as well. Consider the birds and other marine creatures which rely on fish as a food source. Reducing, or eliminating, a food source has catastrophic effects to an entire ecosystem. With the conclusion that humanity is endangering the balance of nature out of the way, there are some solutions to reverse the course of our careless actions. As discussed by the Scripps Institute of Oceanography in the video, the largest impact comes from commercial fishing. A clear first step is to legislatively limit the activities of commercial fishing programs and to promote the idea that commercial enterprises must provide for a sustainable living program within the fish populations that they harvest. To encourage this, limits could be placed on the quantity of fish removed from a particular region as well as limits on the times in which fishing is allowed. Often, seasonal limitations are enforced during mating season to encourage the growth of a population by protecting fertile adult fish. As indicated by the research of Barclay and Cartwright (2007) these actions will help to rebuild the ecosystem and curtail the demise of the larger species of fish. Aside from the creation of new laws, a program of enforcement must be established. Without effective legal enforcement, unscrupulous commercial fishermen could have a significant advantage over those who choose to follow the law. As with any law, if plans are not in place to enforce the program, there is little chance of any successful result. Perhaps the commercial fishing companies which profit heavily off of the destruction of our environment could be made to fund the enforcement of these laws themselves. Through strictly monitored self regulation, these entities can ensure that one another follows the proposed changes necessary to ensure a healthy and thriving marine environment. While the changes proposed are needed, it is likely that they will be difficult to implement and enforce. Environmentalists, such as Jeremy Jackson of the Scripps Institute of Oceanography, believe the changes to be necessary and, in fact, dire. Some even believe that the problem is too far out of hand and may not be correctable at this point. Humanity will have to acknowledge some hardship if we are to do what is right. The impact of these proposed regulations will not just hit commercial fishermen. The impact will also be felt to the consumer who may go to a local restraint and order sushi or a fish dinner. As with any supply and demand issue, if the supply is decreased because of ecological restrictions, the cost of the product will rise until the demand is balanced. Interesting research by Logan, et al (2008) shows that often times commercial fisheries will rebrand the fish that they catch with a more common, although misleading name. In their research, they find that several different species of fish are all being sold as ‘Red Snapper’ because of the desirability of that name. This confuses the consumer market and makes it difficult for consumers to effectively make informed choices. While this will affect many, the impact should be seen as insignificant compared to the potential demise of the entire fish population as a whole. Perhaps the hardest hit by the change will be the smaller commercial fisherman. Fishing represents their livelihood. Limiting the size of their catch or the frequency of their activities will certainly impact revenue and income. While the changes are clearly necessary for the protection of a species, the fisherman impacted will undoubtedly feel hurt, singled out, and frustrated. Given this fact, not all fishermen are opposed to taking corrective action. Even Pete Dupuis, the suggested counter-view presented in the video to the ideas of Jeremy Jackson, believes that we should take care of the problem. They understand that the elimination of the fish population will also eliminate their job as fisherman. The balance comes in achieving what the environmentalists want while still allowing the fishermen freedom to have productive careers. This balance does exist. References Barclay, K. and Cartwright, I. (2007). Governance of tuna industries: The key to economic viability and sustainability in the Western and Central Pacific Ocean. Marine Policy, 31(3), 348-358. Logan, C. A., Alter, S. E., Haupt, A. J., Tomalty, K., and Palumbi, S. R. (2008). An impediment to consumer choice: Overfished species are sold as Pacific red snapper. Biological Conservation, 141(6), 1591-1599. National Marine Fisheries Service. (2009). FishWatch – U.S. Seafood Facts. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Web Page. Retrieved on July 27th from: nmfs.noaa.gov/fishwatch/species/pac_swordfish.htm Research Papers on Developing a Global Water Resource PlanGenetic EngineeringOpen Architechture a white paperPETSTEL analysis of IndiaDefinition of Export QuotasInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaResearch Process Part OneIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Spring and Autumn

Forensic Pathology Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Forensic Pathology - Coursework Example The present scenario has a submerged body; the pathologist takes the samples from different organs without marking. This is because if the samples are supposed to go for DNA sequencing or finger printing then the DNA from every cell or tissue of the same body is exactly the same. So to find anomalous behavior more than one sample is withdrawn. These tissues are sliced into blocks and mounted on slides for microscopic analysis and are further subjected to various tests. The Y-incision is performed to gain access to vital body organs and see if any physical assault has been made or whether the deceased was suffering from a disease. These organs are weighed either collectively or separately depending on the severity of scenario. Usually the weight is reduced in case of traumatized organs. (Prahlow, Byard. 2011) Tissue sampling from the stomach can be useful to indicate if any poison was given to the victim. This can help indicate the time of death as well. Usually samples from other organs such as gall bladder, liver, urine, eye fluid etcetera are also obtained to make sure of poisoning and digestion levels. In case of murder or assault the body is not normally returned to the family until the many staged investigation is carried out. Moreover if the head injury is not visible to the eye then samples from the brain are also obtained. Are such samples only taken in cases of submerged bodies, and if not, asks that you give him at least four other examples of when such samples might be taken and what might be discovered in subsequent examinations of such tissues? Such samples are taken in every-day postmortem cases of natural death as well. But the procedure is a bit more detailed and lengthy for victims of unnatural death. Not only in submerged cases but also in many other scenarios. Four of which are stated as follows: Someone dies of suspicious death without any witnesses and unexpectedly, requires autopsy legally. To find out if the victim was traumatized or drug abused. Common cases are homicide, manslaughter or murder.

Financing Healthcare for Adults with Cancer in the UK Essay

Financing Healthcare for Adults with Cancer in the UK - Essay Example Developing countries are using more money each year in proving cancer care (Nursing Times, 2011). The increase in the amount of money used is caused by, in addition to more cancer patients, more expensive individualized treatments, and inappropriate cancer products. Drugs for treating cancer are become ever more expensive, as is the technology used to diagnose and treat cancer. According to Kings College London (2011), high-income countries are having a hard time bearing the cost of cancer care, due to unsustainable funding mechanisms. Accordingly, many countries around the globe have come up with several strategies to finance health care for people with cancer. Accordingly, this essay aims to examine the various options for financing healthcare among adults living with cancer in the United Kingdom (UK), while analyzing the implications these financing options have for patients, managers, and practitioners. Statistics, according to Cooksey (2006, pp.45), reveal that a quarter of all deaths within the UK are caused by cancer. Approximately 11,000 people aged between 15-40 years are affected by cancer each year, in the UK (ibid). This means that millions of people in the UK require treatment for cancer, which can be a very costly affair. Prescriptions cost a lot of money, as do special diets, and in some cases; travel costs to hospitals. Accordingly, cancer patients in the UK are presented with a range of options for financing health care. In the UK, cancer patients have the option of having their healthcare financed by the National Health Service (NHS), a government-funded healthcare program that draws its finances from tax revenue. According to Bosanquet & Sikora (2006, pp. 44), the NHS aims to provide healthcare for all people, based on need and not because of their ability to pay. For example, the NHS spent approximately 5.86 billion Euros on cancer care between 2009 and 2010 (Nursing Times, 2011).