Cancer Genesis and Cancer Treatments: an Overview Essay -- Health, Dis

The human body is comprised of trillions of living cells all cooperating. Typically, these phones develop, separation, and kick the bucket. Be that as it may, some of the time the procedure is blundered; and during this time, uncontrolled cell development and division happens. The uncontrolled development and division lead to tumors, which as a rule prompts malignant growth. In any case, not all tumors lead to disease. Furthermore, the word malignancy is a general name given to more than 100 sicknesses, which start with uncontrolled cell development. On the off chance that these developments are left untreated, they can cause serious sickness and even passing. In the United States, half everything being equal and 33% of all ladies will create malignancy at some point during their lifetimes. The danger of creating malignant growth can be decreased by changing one’s way of life. A superior eating regimen (Ames, 2001; Bergstrã ¶m et al., 2001), day by day physical movement( Kamp ert et al., 1996), constraining sun presentation (Elwood et al., 1997), stopping smoking (Peto et al., 2000), and decreasing over the top liquor utilization (Tsugane et al., 1999); all signify a diminished the likelihood of creating malignant growth. What's more, the prior a disease is analyzed and rewarded, the more uncertain that that individual will bite its dust. In this way, the blend of early conclusion, treatments and way of life changes can beat the event of malignant growth. Malignancy Genesis Malignancy starts when a cell begins to develop crazy. All malignancies start with wild development because of harmed DNA. DNA is the hereditary material found in each cell, it contains guidance and blue prints for cell development, division, and passing. Ordinarily, when DNA harm happens the cell has instrument to either fix the harm or start its own demise. Anyway in malignant growth cells, the DNA harm isn't fixed nor does the cell com... ...l movement including administrative, metabolic and recuperating forms. Electrical flows that happen at the site of wounds, for example, bone breaks are viewed as an indication of mending vitality. In lizards this adds to the procedures associated with appendage regeneration† (O’Clock, 1999). Another kind of vitality medication is Ayurveda, which is an old Indian medication framework .The treatment restores agreement between the body, psyche, and powers of nature to fix tumors and different sickness. The treatment requires work out, natural cures, way of life changes, and contemplation. Professionals of Ayurveda reinforce and decontaminate their bodies and psyche and increment their profound mindfulness. An ongoing clinical examination, by the National Institutes of Health, indicated that in 79% of cases, patients with interminable ailment had huge enhancements after Ayurvedic treatment (Treatments, 2011).

War And Peace By Leo Tolstoy Essays - French Invasion Of Russia

War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy At that point novel War and Peace was composed by a well known Russian creator Leo Tolstoy in 1865. The epic portrays the war with Napoleon wherein numerous nations were included, for example, Russia, Austrian, Prussia, Spain, Sweden, and Britain. The epic principally centers around Russia. It mirrors the various perspectives and investment in the war of Russian privileged and workers and furthermore shows Tolstoys negative perspective on the war. Demonstrating the war, Tolstoy portrays Napoleons assault on Russia, the clash of Borodino, the moderate recovery of the Russian armed force, the success of Moscow by Napoleon, the fire in Moscow, and the recovery of Napoleons armed force during a lethal winter. Naopleon needed to recover from Russia under assaults by Russian laborers and horsemen on the individuals who fell behind. His military additionally sufferes from cold and appetite, since the Russians pulverized all food supplies. The takeover of Moscow by Napoleon end up being futile, and over the long haul, demolished a huge piece of his military. Close by with these authentic occasions, Tolstoy portrays the various classes of Russian culture regarding their support in the war and what sort of an effect war had on their lives. In the start of the novel, the Russian distinguished class, which was in the emperors circle, needed Russia to take part in the war. They needed a speedy triumph and pride for the Russian respectability. They didn't foresee that the war would pulverize homes, horticulture, and take numerous Russian lives. This class is appeared in Anna Pavlova Sharers salon, with its high society gentry, who talk just in French, seeing the Russian language as unseemly and valuable just for workers. They embraced French culture and wear French style garments, and simultaneously they need to battle Napoleon. Be that as it may, most of this class doesnt need to take part themselves in the war, however need to win the war with the hands of the laborers. These privileged people, notwithstanding their high training and force, will do nothing to help win the war. They live like parasites on the assortment of Russias society. This is the manner by which Tolstoy portrays this class when all is said in done, however he likewise delineates two delegates of this high society, Andrew Bolkonsky and Pierre Bisuhov, who were the more scholarly ones, and whose lives and perspectives on war and life changed as the aftereffect of the war. Andrew was keen on a military vocation, and wasnt totally happy with the autocrat, while Pierre squandered his life on liquor his ordinary action. Be that as it may, they fall into the focal point of military exercises during the war; Andrew was lethally injured, while Pierre observes Moscow consuming and blameless individuals, ladies, and kids kicking the bucket from hunger. They open up straightforward, yet significant certainties. They experience the harsh occasions that workers experience and start to feel a solidarity with the country. They begin to acknowledge fundamental things that they never even idea of, for example, food, harmony, and love. Portraying the Rostov family, who were additionally well off nobles, however were not in the autocrats circle and lived in provincial pieces of Russia, Tolstoy indicated a common Russian family who were given to their nation and Russian conventions. All of Tolstoys compassion is their ally and he presents them in a positive manner. They sing Russian old stories, which the higher nobles would not fantasy about doing. Delineating this class, Tolstoy depicts straightforward and interminable issues, for example, birth, love, pardoning, and passing. War hurt these individuals the most. They lost everything: hoses, animals, and serfs. The loss of their serfs was difficult to find, since they turned out to be near them. The ladies from this class served in medical clinics and became attendants, as Natasha Rostova did, or shrouded injured warriors in their home from the French armed force. Men from this class composed their own little multitudes of laborers and battled with guerilla fighting when the French armed force was withdrawing, as commander Dolohov did. As indicated by Tolstoy, these individuals assumed a greater job in war and were more committed to their country than the blue-blooded class in the emperors circle. As indicated by Tolstoy, the fundamental national qualities are in Russian workers. He shows this through these individuals, who abhor

Activity Limitation Example

Activity Limitation Example Activity Limitation â€" Essay Example > Appraisal of treadmill training in gait rehabilitation in patients with neurological disorder and their attainment of community ambulationIntroductionWalking difficulties is one of the main features of neurological disease and loss of mobility is the main activity of daily living which is most valued by such patients (Lord and Rochester, 2005). Different neurological pathologies and impairments often result in abnormal or reduced walking. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an example of neurological disorder where an individual presents with weaknesses and spasticity from pyramidal tract lesions, vestibular and visual dysfunction, pain and cognitive and mood disturbances which may all contribute to difficulties in walking (Brown, Bradberry, Howze, Hickman, Ray, and Peel, 2010). In this case mobility is determined by weaknesses in primary muscle disease although secondary factors such as contractures, weight gain, breathlessness and fatigue may have major impacts on the mobility of the pat ient (Ada, Dean, Lindley and Lloyd, 2009). In such cases the degree of impairment is not linearly related to the activity and participation. For instance the walking speed is poor correlated to leg strength while various environmental factors and personal factors may influence the impact of similar degrees of loss of walking on mobility. In neurological disorders such as MS, impaired walking could be an indication of both progression of disease and disability (Mayr et al. 2007). The regaining of walking in patients with neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s disease (PD) and MS is a vital outcome measure in their treatment. It has been argued that mobility measurement could have a direct influence on the accessibility to treatment in such disorders (Lord, McPherson, Rochester and Weatherall, 2008). This is exemplified in treatment of MS where maximum walking distance determines whether a patient is eligible to take disease modifying drugs or not (Ada et al. 2009). Gait is re gularly observed by clinicians for diagnostic purposes and forming opinions on patients with neurological disorders (Lord and Rochester, 2005). This is usually aided by the patient’s impression as to the effect of walking in the context of disease progression or response to treatment (Herman et al. 2007). Walking is often measured objectively in case of monitoring the state of neurological disorder (Koenig, Omlin, Zimmerli, Sapa, Krewer, Bolliger, Muller, and Riener, 2011). Community ambulationCommunity ambulation is outdoor locomotion that entails activities which are essential for living independently (Miller, Quinn, and Seddon, 2002). This may include activities such as visiting the bank, supermarkets and pharmacy (Brown et al. 2010). It is the ability of an individual to integrate walking with other activities in a complex environment (Ada et al. 2009). Patients recovering from neurological disorders such as stroke need to have better community ambulation in order for them to be able to enjoy quality life after leaving hospital premises (Banala, 2008). The ability of such patients to regain independent community ambulation is integral to quality of life for such recovering patients and their ability to reintegrate in the society. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a description of the existing interaction between physical, social and environmental factors with the health conditions of an individual which produce outcomes which are of interest to the physical therapists. According to ICF activity is the execution of an action or a task by a person which mainly focuses on his rehabilitation efforts (Lord and Rochester, 2005). Therapists are involved in improving the endurance, increasing gait speed and improving an unsteady gait or a person’s poor ability to climb stairs. All these activities are essential for maintaining independence. ICF also encourages participation which encourages individuals to be involved in a social situation (Koenig et al. 2011). Participation has been identified as an essential domain of function which is integral to quality of life led by an individual (Brown et al. 2010). The participation of an individual in society is dependent on the environment in which the individual is found according to ICF (Hallett and Poewe, 2008). ICF argues that the mobility of an individual in a community may be strongly influenced by the environment and that the physical requirements may not be constrained to variables which are associated with terrain, speed and distance (Ada et al. 2009). Thus ICF is related to community ambulation since it enables the patient to integrate into the society and perform various tasks independently.

Transmission Control Protocol And Internet Protocol

The Internet is a growing phenomenon, which has revolutionized the world. In a nutshell, it is a system of interconnected computer networks using a model set of protocols known as TCP/IP. These are, Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol respectively. Their function is to regulate the transmission and reception of data over this complex network that links billions of gadgets today (Wikipedia, 2016). In an article in Forbes Magazine, contributor Jacob Morgan reports of a finding by a research firm Gartner that about 26 billion devices will be connected to the internet by 2020. Everything is connected to the Internet now, including people and plants. This has led to the coining of a phrase, the Internet of Things. Morgan writes,†¦show more content†¦Nowadays, play for many children is on virtual reality mostly, on video games most of which are connected to the Internet. According to a statistics gathered by the group Statista, a little over 80% individuals used th e Internet in the developed world in 2015 (Statista, 2016). Never in the history of mankind has there been a movement that has swept across the world like wildfire the way the Internet has. The advent of the World Wide Web unleashed a spate of innovations closely related to the Internet that made available, endless possibilities to people everywhere. Sir Tim Brenner invented it, in 1989 (History of the web, webfoundation.org, 2016) and in order to grow this innovation of the web, Brenner did not retain the rights to the technology because he believed that, â€Å"Had the technology been proprietary, and in my total control, it would probably not have taken off. You can’t propose that something be a universal space and at the same time keep control of it.†( History of the web, webfoundation.org, 2016). The web, commonly known as the Internet has resulted in many various ways in which life has been made far better than any period in the history of mankind. It has reduced the vastness of the globe, the universe among other things. P eople are able today, because of the web, to exchange ideas with others in all parts of the globe through social media.

Nike And Its Impact On Society - 1317 Words

On a daily basis a considerable amount of Americans unwind and observe their surroundings pass by, fantasizing about getting out and achieving their aspirations. Although it is common for desires, one s prosperity depends on the inducement he or she has inside. Envision an ad that can augment that incentive. One of the most iconic brand up-to-date, Nike, is often known for it’s vast marketing campaign which pairs gifted and captivating athletes with top-line, enticing goods. The indelible slogan, Just do it, plays a key role in helping consumers form promising ties with the brand. With Nike products being socially accepted, the inclination for consumers to purchase them spirals. As seemingly as it is, sports; whether it’s football,†¦show more content†¦Oscar makes an anticipating statement, â€Å"Baby Daniel is just waking up. He is going to win a championship one day†. The ad then transitions into scenes showcasing the struggle of athletes in the early stages -- a lethargic runner, a golfer with dreadful swings, a tennis player who lacks focus, and a toddler scrambling around with a basketball. Throughout these scenes, Oscar determines everyone’s destined achievements, â€Å"This guy? He’ll run a marathon. She is going to have the best swing in the state. She will totally win the city’s open tournament.† All of the amatuer athletes respond with self-doubt and confusion, â€Å"Who me? Get out?!† The self-doubt found in these athletes are commonly found in people who go face struggles when overcoming an activity. It also explains that not everyone is born a winner. The frail and clumsy phase ends with Oscar candidly claiming that, â€Å"All of these athletes are terrible now, but they will all do big things one day†. This key quote signifies the theme of perseverance. Subsequently as the ad goes on, the narrator’s tone grows drastically more ecstatic. In these scenes we are exposed to athletes who are performing in their â€Å"athletic peak†. At first we are given a swimmer who seems really intrigued as he leads a race. Afterwards a soccer player confidently sweeps at a soccer ball with the voice-over of Oscar commenting,Show MoreRelatedNike : An Innovative Company Essay1092 Words   |  5 Pages1. Introduction NIKE, Inc. is one of the world largest designer and distributor of athletic apparel, footwear, equipment, and sport accessories for various types of fitness and sports activities. With total revenue hit $30 billion USD in 2015 (Statista, 2016), NIKE has developed four big brands, including: NIKE, Jordan, Hurley, and Converse, which each provides a strong connection with different customers. NIKE is a transnational company with five global headquarters, in: Beaverton, Oregon; HilversumRead MoreEthical and Social Responsibility Issues at Nike1612 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Globalization has a profound impact on the ethical and social responsibilities of large organizations. This is primarily true for large organizations with dominant market positions within their respective industries. These companies, due in part to their size and scale, are often garnering a substantial portion of their revenue from countries outside the United States. Growth rates in many emerging countries such as Brazil, Russian, India, and China create large opportunities for theseRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility : Nike1312 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsibility. By adopting activities that work to aid society and the environment, corporations ultimately increase profits and improve brand image. Several organizations in the apparel industry have used socially responsible activities to rebuild reputations. Today, according to Nike’s official website, they define their â€Å"Nike Responsibility† as: â€Å"Explore. Innovate. Scale. Collaborate. These themes define our sustainability journey, one that considers impacts across our value chain including labor, environmentRead MoreNike, Mission, Vision, Values, Principles Essay704 Words   |  3 PagesRunning head: NIKE, Inc. Mission, Vision, Principles 1 NIKE, Inc. Mission, Vision, Principles Ameirah Aldahmani MSM631 – Strategic Management and Financial Reports Analysis Regis University Saturday, September 04, 2010 Abstract This paper is a qualitative and quantitative analysis of NIKE, Inc., done as six separate sections. The six sections of the project are external environment analysis, S.W.O.T analysis, executive interview, strategic and tactical plans and controls, structure,Read MoreSustainability Framework1158 Words   |  5 PagesBUSINESS, GOVERNMENT AND SOCIETY Sustainability Framework For: Deryk Stec By: Shyam Maheshwari (3461529) 2/4/2013 This paper explains the sustainability strategies of Adidas and Nike and then compares itself with the sustainable value framework of Hart’s. What is Sustainability? As defined by Environment Canadai, Sustainable development is the process of developing land, cities, businesses and communities so that our current needs are met without compromising the ability of future Read MoreA Case Of Globalization ; Nike. University Of The People1308 Words   |  6 Pages A Case Of Globalization; Nike University Of The People â€Æ' Two decades ago advances in technology developed innovated the way individuals and business interact with each other. Innovations made possible to increase productivity, it made possible for companies and individuals to multitask, for the world to be united, and in general for us to be us. We can summarize this, as the most innovative time of globalization. Globalization comes because advances in technology, desire of individualsRead MoreNike CSR Analysis1581 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿ CSR Analysis and Impact on Operations Nike has a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that includes its commitment to the environment and is a signatory of the UN Global Compact. Nike has created a team of sustainability managers led by an independent director. Its environmental goals include producing eco-friendly products and minimizing its environmental impact through the reduction of greenhouse gases, organic solvents and PVCs. Nike acknowledges the difficulty of tracking environmentalRead MoreNike Sweatshops Case Study1402 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Over time Nike has become a prominent figure in the apparel industry, yet the corporation has found itself in various scandals due to their use of sweatshops. The harsh backlash towards the immorality of using sweatshops has led to Nike’s image being tainted; nevertheless, consumers continue to shop in Nike stores. With this in mind, I will explain why consumers continue to purchase Nike products. To accomplish the task at hand; I shall, define exploitation and demonstrate why corporationsRead MoreNike : A Global Audience871 Words   |  4 PagesNike Nike is an American multinational company that sells, design and manufacturing clothing, footwear, sports equipment and accessories. Because Nike is a multinational company, Nike needs to have a great marketing strategy plan to be able to gain customers around the world. The strategy marketing can have pros and cons. Some of the pros are Nike is a mega brand, Technology and relations. Because Nike is a mega brand this helps the company to be more successful around the World, at this momentRead MoreOrganizational Culture Through Csr Initiatives Are Tentree And Nike Essay1183 Words   |  5 Pagesvoluntary implementation of these beliefs, expectations and values. It demonstrates their organizational reputability, especially if society benefits from them operating in an economic, social and environmentally sustainable manner (Global Affairs Canada, 2016). Two companies that portray their organizational culture through CSR initiatives are Tentree and Nike. However, these companies differ in how their initiatives are executed. On the organizational spectrum, Tentree falls under the Social

Part a Critical Analysis of Project Management Plan Free Essays

string(107) " that is critical or crucial to the project manager, project team, customer as well as management sponsor\." Part A Critical Analysis of Project Management Plan Executive Summary Table of Contents 1 Introduction This report will present the critical analysis about humanities financial services review project management plan. The purpose of the report is to apply the different theories and ideas regarding the project management plan. The main purpose of the critical analysis is to critique as well as evaluate somebody’s work based on the opinion, idea and perspective of someone. We will write a custom essay sample on Part a Critical Analysis of Project Management Plan or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is an academic report that contains a description of the project plan (part B) as well as its content. This report will also express the opinion of the author with regards to the different part of the project management plan that has chosen. It will analyze the whole project plan by breaking down the project into parts and then studying and evaluating each and every part using the support and help of different references from different books, journals and other related studies. This report will also show the importance of a project plan and who will be benefited from its use and implementation. The structure of the report will follow the structure of the chosen project plan. It will individually analyze the different part or aspect of the project plan based on the project management body of knowledge. The main focus of the report is to give analysis about the different important aspect of the project management plan such as the time or schedule, money or cost, human resource or work breakdown structure as well as different risk that can be encountered by the project during the implementation of the plan. 2 Project Background 2. 1 Information about the Work 2. 1. 1 Title: Humanities Financial Services Review Project Management Plan . 1. 2 Author: Craig Medley 2. 1. 3 Publication Information: Project Id HUM-PR-P1, v. 04 Draft, August 30, 2007, from http://edo. humanities. curtin. edu. au/pdf/Project_Managem ent_Plan_2007. pdf 2. 2 Project Description The chosen document focuses on the plan for the management of the humanities financial services review project. It was written in order to show or review the different areas or aspects of the newly implemented new transactional systems in November 2007, with an upgrade to the finance one to the Concur and BPI in Humanities only. It can help to know the different processes and flow of data and information of its accounting and purchasing transactions across each and every division (Medley 2007, p. 4). The Faculty of the Humanities of the Curtin University of the Technology offers different courses in Media, Communications, Built Environment, Art and Design, Education, Languages, Human Services as well as Social Sciences. All f the said courses are only few of the courses that the said department of the Curtin University is offering (Faculty of Humanities 2008). The project plan focuses on the implementation of the finance and accounting system of the department that focuses on the needs of the users of the system like invoicing, ordering, approving, reconciling, access to the system, structure of the outputs, skills and request and access for the different outputs (Medley 2007, p. 4). The project management plan will help the current system to improve its operations and increase the security that will eventually help to meet the demands and needs of the different stakeholders or users. Structure and contents of the Project Plan 3. 1 Project Management Plan and Its Purpose 3. 1. 1 What is Project Plan? Project management plan or simply project plan is a document that corresponds to the overall purposes or objectives, responsibilities, resource requirements and agenda for the project (Baker Baker 2003, p. 29). It is considered as more than a playbook that determine what are the different works or task that are need to done and accomplish (Ph illips 2004, p. 32). It is a fluid document that controls the following elements: Provide structure – project plan is developed in order to present a structure or composition in order to get the project to its completion. It must be methodical and systematical but brief and short, compilation of different documents that serves as a point of references in the course of the project implementation (Phillips 2004, p. 32). ? Provide Documentation – documented project plan is needed in order for the project to be a successful one. This is due to the fact that it must present historical references and the different reasons behind the decisions that have been made (Phillips 2004, p. 32). Provide Baselines – a project plan includes a number of baselines. As the project shift towards the finishing point, the management together with the stakeholders and the project managers can use the project plan in order to see what was predicted for the costs, schedules, qualities and scopes – and compare it to the present condition (Phillips 2004, p. 32). Project plan is the output or result of the planning phase that confines the different information that has been observed and fulfilled with the team and lays out the different activities and processes about how the project will be carried out. It also represents the projected reality (Martin Tate 2001, p. 155). 3. 1. 2 Purposes and Importance of the Project Plan The major function of the project plan is to provide a step-by-step insight into what it takes in order to satisfy the requirements or the needs of the system (Frame 2002, p. 97). An inclusive and fittingly comprehensive project plan is essential to a successful completion of any project. It can help to direct the project itself. Without the aid or help of a project plan, it will hard and even impossible to lead a group to carry out their different responsibilities in order achieves their common goal (Baker Baker 2003, p. 29). It is a directing document of the project management that serves up as a storage area for all of the supplementary plans. It is a guiding document for the project and it’s intrinsically needs to replicate all of the information that is critical or crucial to the project manager, project team, customer as well as management sponsor. You read "Part a Critical Analysis of Project Management Plan" in category "Papers" It offers broad direction as to the cost, schedule and requirements baselines. In its thorough and comprehensive form, it provides much more exact and precise guidance on the nature of the components of the different supporting plans (Pritchard 2004, p. 100). 3. 2 Stakeholder of the Humanities Financial Services Review Project Management Plan The main audience or target of the humanities of the financial services review project management are the higher officials who are involved in the overall process and management of the different financial and accounting activities in the humanities department of the   Curtin University of the Technology. The plan will focus on the review of the different areas of the current system of the humanities of the Curtin University of the Technology such as the different internal process flows such as invoicing, ordering, approving as well as reconciling; the number of the people or the user that can access the systems of the Concur and the Finance One; the structure of the invoicing as well as procurement function as well as the different responsibilities and functions of each and every users; the different skills of every users; the different uses and what they are used for such as the request for the Curtin tax invoice and its different uses and the different types of transactions that are involved with the credit card or purchase request (Medley 2007, p. 4). All of the said information together with other result of the review will be helpful for the management in order for them to improve the current system of the Humanities department that will ensure competitive advantage for their part because it can make the life of their stakeholders a lot easier. It can also help them to excel in their different operations as well as to ensure or add their financial security. 3. 3 Structure of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Humanities Financial Services Review Project Management Plan 3. 4 Different Sections of the Humanities Financial Services Review Project Management Plan 4 Conclusions 5 Recommendations Part B Humanities Financial Services Review Project Management Plan 1 Introduction 1. 1 About this Document This document provides a plan for the management of the Humanities Financial Services Review Project. 1. 2 Background New transactional systems and processes have been implemented recently, being Concur and BPI (Humanities only) with an upgrade to Finance One to occur in November 2007. In addition, the Division is looking at ways in which to best undertake support activities including purchasing and accounting to ensure that efficiencies are obtained. A Financial Services Office is already operational and undertakes some financial processes i. e. electronic processing of credit card transactions. Based on the above, it is now timely to review current systems, processes and structures which accounting and purchasing transactions operate under across the Division. The areas that would be reviewed include but are not limited to; internal process flows (including invoicing, ordering, approving and reconciling), the number of people with access to systems (both Concur and Finance One), the structure of the invoicing and procurement function (who does what), skills, and how systems are used and what they are used for (e. g. request for Curtin tax invoice, what are allonges used for, what type of transactions are going through credit cards / purchase request). 1. 3 Project Sponsor The Project Sponsor is Ken McCluskey 1. 4 Project Manager The Project Manager is Craig Medley. 1. 5 Project Team The Project team is comprised of Raymond Seah and Craig Medley 1. 6 Key Stakeholders The key stakeholders (Humanities only) of this project include: Executive Dean Deans Review Panel 2 Project Scope 2. 1 Strategic Link This project specifically contributes towards to the following strategic objective(s):  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Excellence in operations  §Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Financial security 2. 2 Project Benefits The expected benefits and impacts of the project deliverables are: ? Improved definition and understanding of the role / scope of work of the Financial Service Office in Humanities, ? Roadmap and high level implementation plan for the agreed changes, ? Improved efficiencies and effectiveness of processes within Humanities through standardization and centralization where identified, Potential cost savings and risk reduction in procurement and credit cards processes / systems. 2. 3 Project Deliverables The project’s key deliverables are: Document / s covering: ? Matrix of processes and systems under Humanities Financial Serv ices Office and respective Teaching Areas, ? Services identified for improvement via end to end processing / procurement arrangements / invoicing, ? Recommended process flow for identified services, ? List of service deliverables (with the resource requirement) of the Humanities Financial Services Office, ? Policies to support recommended services, ? High level implementation plan 2. 4 Out of Scope The following items are considered out of the scope: ? Implementation of recommendations Expenditure incurred whilst traveling (this may be included at a later date) 2. 5 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) The project tasks to produce the project deliverables are listed in the Gantt chart at Appendix B1. 2. 6 Constraints The following key project constraints were identified: ? Availability and willingness of staff to contribute ? Data quality 2. 7 Assumptions The following key assumptions influenced the development of this Project Management Plan: ? All staff will be available as required 3 P roject Time Schedule 3. 1 Schedule The detailed project schedule is provided in the Gantt chart at Appendix B1 4 Project Costs 4. 1 Budget summary The budget breakdown is summarized as follows: Resource Type |Total Cost ($) |Hours | |Human resources |$30,000 | |Equipment and products | |Consumables | |Totals |$30,000 | |   |   |   |   | The Communication Plan examines the key contacts, frequency of communications, and communication medium to be deployed. It is used to ensure adequate consideration has been given to consultation and information dissemination. It is attached as Appendix D. 5 Project Accountabilities 5. 1 Project Organizational Chart The Project Organizational Chart provides a visual representation of the project team and project reporting structure. It is attached as Appendix B. 5. 2 Responsibility Assignment Matrix The Responsibility Assignment Matrix outlines responsibilities allocated to individuals for each task. It is attached as Appendix C. 5. 3 Project Sponsor The roles and responsibilities of the Project Sponsor include: Responsibility to senior management for the project; Endorsing this document to confirm that project scope and deliverables are correct; Approving changes to scope, schedule, and quality; Reviewing progress and providing strategic direction; Resolving issues beyond the Project Manager’s authority; Providing the resources and sponsorship for the project; and Examining the project at completion2 and completing a Project Sign-off form. 5. 4 Project Manager The roles and responsibilities of the Project Manager include: Managing the day-to-day operations of the project to ensure the project deliverables are produced to scope, schedule, and quality; Monitoring and controlling the Project Management Plan; Providing status reports to the Project Sponsor; Leading the project teams to meet the project objectives; Undertaking the tasks assigned, as specified in the Responsibility Assignment Matrix (refer Appendix C); and Consulting with the Project Sponsor and key stakeholders to maintain communications and keep parties up to date on project progress. 6 Communications Plan 6. 1 Plan The Communication Plan examines the key contacts, frequency of communications, and communication medium to be deployed. It is used to ensure adequate consideration has been given to consultation and information dissemination. It is attached as Appendix B4. 7 Risk Management Plan 7. 1 Risk Assessment The Risk Management Plan, attached as Appendix B5, examines risks, rates those risks and identifies potential treatment strategies. 8 Project Control 8. 1 Progress Reporting The Project Management Plan will be controlled on a regular basis, by means of completing Project Status Report to the Project Sponsor on a fortnightly basis. The key elements are scope, schedule, and risk, with the control process comprising: †¢ Monitoring and measuring performance; †¢ Comparing performance to this plan; †¢ Reporting on deviations and issues; and †¢ Taking corrective action (where necessary). 8. 2 Change Management Any proposed changes to the scope or quality will be processed as follows: Proposed changes will be evaluated on the basis of their impact on the project process and outcome, and in light of reasonable alternatives; ? Proposed changes will be formally recorded on a Project Change Control report and submitted to the Project Sponsor; ? The Project Sponsor will review proposed changes, and either accept or reject them; and ? Accepted changes will be communicated to all concerned stakeholders, and project documentation will be amended accordingly. Appendices Appendix A1 Project Management Areas of Knowledge and Its Process ? Appendix B1 Task, Schedule Gantt Chart Adapted from (PMI Standards Duncan 1996, p. 7) Appendix B1 Timeline/ Gantt Chart Appendix B2 Project Organizational Chart Appendix B3 – Responsibility Assignment Matrix ID |WBS TASKS |Project |Team Member |Review Committee |Sponsor | | | |Manager | | | | | | |Craig |Raymond |Ken |   | |1 |Policy review |R |I |N |I | |2 |Purchase to Pay Stream |R |I |N, C |A | |2. 1 |Data analysis |R |I |N, C |C | |2. 2 |Data modelling |R |I |N |N | |3 |Invoicing Stream |N, I |R |I, C |I, C | |3. |Invoice profiling |N, I |R |N |N | |3. 2 |Develop process documentation |N, I |R |N |N | |3. 3 |Present P2P and Invoice data |R |I |N |N | |4 |Interviews |R |I |I, C |C | |4. 1 |Define questions |R |R |C |I | |4. 2 |Agree on questions |R |I |C |A | |4. |Conduct interviews |R |R |I, C |N | |4. 4 |Collate information |R |I |N |N | |4. 5 |Develop activity lists / |R |R |I |N | | |matrices | | | | | |4. 6 |Develop process maps |R |R |N |N | |4. 7 |Review process maps with users|R |R |I |I | |4. |Present findings |R |I |N |C, I | |5 |Recommendations development |R |R |I |I, A | |5. 1 |Analyze prior findings |R |I |N |N, I | |5. 2 |Brainstorm options |R |I |I |I | |5. 3 |Develop recommendations |R |I |I |I | |5. 4 |Review recommendations |R |I |I |I | |5. 5 |Finalize ecommendations |R |I |A |A | |   | |LEGEND | |R – Responsible for executing activity A – Approval authority | |I – Provides input C – Consulted | |N – Notified | APPENDIX B4 – Communication Plan Stakeholder |Information To Be Communicated|Frequency |Medium |Responsible |Timing | |Faculty/Area Administration staff affected by this review | |Review Panel |Request for feedback on the |Once before the |Meeting |Project Sponsor, |31st August | | |draft project plan and |project is | |Chair of panel | | | |outlining next steps |officially kicked| |Project Manager | | | | |off | | | | |Executive Dean |Presentation of the draft |Once before the |Meeting |Project Sponsor and |Beginning of Sept 07 | | |project plan. The purpose of |project is | |Project manager | | | |the project; next stage on |officially | | | | | |from previous financial |kicked-off | | | | |services review project | | | | | | |looking at financial | | | | | | |transactional processes | | | | | | |where these could be improved | | | | | | | additional services that may| | | | | | |then reside within the | | | | | | |division’s financial Services | | | | | | |office in the future. | | | | | |Representative from |Outline of Humanities |Prior to project |Meeting Emails |Project Sponsor and |1st meeting end of August | |Price Waterhouse looking|Financial Services Review |kick-off | |Pro ject Manager | | |at standardization of |project and the Project Team’s| | | | | |processes systems |approach. Also to gain input | | | | | |across the organization |into the project depending on | | | | | | |some of the objectives that | | | | | | |Price Waterhouse have been | | | | | | |tasked with. | | | | | |Executive Dean and Deans|Kick-off Project, Project plan|At start of Presentation at HMB |Project Sponsor |10th Sept | | |- main project objectives, |Project | |Project Manager | | | |communications plan, risks | | | | | | |key areas being covered in the| | | | | | |project | | | | | |Project Sponsor |Project Status updates – |Fortnightly |Meeting |Project Manager |Starting 5th September | | |activities, key findings and | | | | | | |issues | | | | | |Financial Services |Introduce the new Associate |Once |Meeting |Project Sponsor, |Approx 3rd week in Sept | | |Director Transaction services | | |Project Team, | | | |to the project and go through | | |Chair of Review | | | |project plan request his | | |Committee | | | |involvement on the review | | | | | | |committee | | | | | |Review Committee |Introduction of the new |One of three |Committee meeting |Chair of Review |Towards end of September | | |Associate Director Transaction| | |Committee Project | | | |services to the review | | |Manager | | | committee as a new member, | | | | | | |Also Summarization of | | | | | | |activities, findings at end of| | | | | | |Purchase to Pay Stream Phase | | | | | | |plus next steps | | | | | |Faculty/Area |General communication to staff|One of three |One on One meetings |Review Panel Members|Towards end of Sept | |Administration staff |in their area about the 1st | | | | | |affected by this review |phase i. e. P2P Invoicing | | | | | | |quantitative analysis | | | | | |Review Committee |Summarization of activities, |Two of Three |Committee meeting |Project Manager |Towards end of October | | |findings at end of Invoice | | | | | | |Phase plus next steps | | | | | |Faculty/Area |General communication to staff|Two of Three |One on One meetings |Review Panel Members|Towards end of October | |Administration staff |in their area about the 2nd | | | | | |affected by this review |phase i. e. Interviews | | | | | |Review Committee |Review of draft |Three of Three |Committee meeting |Project Manager |Mid November | | |recommendations and gather | | | | | |feedback for inclusion in | | | | | | |final report | | | | | |Faculty/Area |General communication to staff|Two of Three |One on One meetings |Review Panel Members|Mid November | |Administration staff |in their area about the | | | | | |affected by this review |‘draft’ recommendations | | | | | |Executive Dean and Deans|Project Outco mes and |Conclusion |Presentation at HMB |Project Sponsor and |Early December | | |Recommendations | | |Manager | | Appendix B5 Communication Plan Calendar *Note – Meeting dates with exception of HMB are indicative and subject to change Appendix B6 Risk Management Plan Legend for the Risk Management Plan Defining Likelihood Ratings The following table outlines the definition of likelihood rating as applied to the risk assessment. Descriptor |Definition | |Almost certain |Expected to occur in most circumstances | |Likely |Will probably occur in most circumstances | |Possible |Might occur at some time | |Unlikely |Could occur at some time | |Rare |May only occur in exceptional circumstances | Defining Consequence Ratings The following table outlines the definition of consequence rating as applied to the risk assessment. Consequence |Project Consequence | |Catastrophic |Unacceptable effect on project objectives | |Major |Major effects on project objectives, requiring significa nt effort to rectify. | |Moderate |Moderate effects on project objectives, requiring management effort to rectify | |Minor |Some difficulties experienced, but these are easily managed. | |Insignificant |No noticeable effect on project management objectives | Defining Risk Rankings The following table outlines the definition of risk categorizes, determined by combining the likelihood and consequence of a risk. RISK FACTOR |Insignificant |Minor |Moderate |Major |Catastrophic | |Almost |Low |High |High |Extreme |Extreme | |certain | | | | | | |Likely |Low |Moderate |High |Extreme |Extreme | |Possible |Low |Moderate |High |High |Extreme | |Unlikely |Low |Low |Moderate |High |High | |Rare |Low |Low |Low |Moderate |High | How to cite Part a Critical Analysis of Project Management Plan, Papers

Shakespeares play othello demonstrates the weakness of human judgement Essay Example

Shakespeares play othello demonstrates the weakness of human judgement Essay The Squad (Irish Republican Army unit) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search The Squad or the Twelve Apostles was an Irish Republican Army (IRA) unit founded by Michael Collins to counter the British intelligence efforts during the Irish War of Independence, mainly by means of assassination. Contents [hide] 1 Background 2 Assassination 3 Bloody Sunday 4 Dublin Guard 5 Later years 6 References 7 Bibliography Background[edit] On 10 April 1919, the First D? ¤il announced a policy of ostracism of Royal Irish Constabulary men. At the time Sinn F? ©in official policy was against acts of violence. Boycotting, persuasion and mild intimidation succeeded against many officers. However others escalated their activities against republicans and in July 1919 Collins asked Dick McKee to select a small group to form an assassination unit. [l] Assassination[edit] Liam Tobin at the funeral of Michael Collins in 1922. The founder members were Paddy Daly (leader), Patrick Buckley, Mick McDonnell, Ben Barrett, James Conroy, Sean Doyle, Joe Leonard, Pat McCrea, Jim Slattery, and Bill Stapleton. They were employed full time and received a weekly wage. [2] On 30 July 1919, the first assassination authorised by Michael Collins was carried out hen Detective Sergeant the Dog Smith was shot near Drumcondra, Dublin. [2] The Squad would continue targeting plainclothes police, members of the G Division of the Dublin Metropolitan Police, and†occasionally†problematic civil servants. Organisationally it operated as a subsection of Collins Intelligence Headquarters. Two of the executions by The Squad were the killing on January 21, 1920 of RIC Inspector William Redmond of the DMP G Division[3] and on March 2, 1920 a British double agent John Charles Byrnes [4] Further members included Mick Love, Gearoid OSullivan, Patrick Caldwell, Charlie Dalton, Mick OReilly, Vincent Byrne, Sean Healy, James Ronan, Tom Keogh, Tom Cullen, Paddy Lawson, John Dunne and Johnny Wilson. We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeares play othello demonstrates the weakness of human judgement specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeares play othello demonstrates the weakness of human judgement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Shakespeares play othello demonstrates the weakness of human judgement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Sean Lemass and Stephen Behan (the father of Irish writers Brendan and Dominic Behan) have also been put forward as members of the Apostles. Understandably, there is no hard evidence to support many of these names; however, those that subsequently served in the Irish Army have their active service recorded in their service records held in the Military Archives Department in Cathal Brugha Barracks, Rathmines. Dr. Andy Cooney is also reported to have been associated with The Squad. Bloody Sunday[edit] One of the Apostles particular targets was the Cairo Gang, a deep cover British intelligence group, so called since it had either been largely assembled from intelligence officers serving in Cairo or from the Dublin restaurant called the Cairo, frequented by the gang. The Cairo Gang was brought in during the middle of 1920 by Sir Henry Wilson explicitly to deal with Michael Collins and his organisation. Given carte blanche in its operations by Wilson, the strategy adopted by the Cairo Gang was to assassinate members of Sinn F? ©in unconnected with the military struggle, ssuming that this would cause the IRA to respond and bring its leaders into the open. The most well-known operation executed by the Apostles occurred on Bloody Sunday, November 21, 1920, when British M15 officers, linked to the Cairo Gang significantly involved in spying, were shot at various locations in Dublin (14 were killed, six were wounded). In addition to the Twelve Apostles, a larger number of IRA personnel were involved in this operation. The only IRA man captured during the operation was Frank Teeling. In response to the killings, the Black and Tans retaliated by shooting p a Gaelic football match between Dublin and Tipperary at Croke Park, killing 14 civilians including one of the players, Michael Hogan, and wounding 68. The Hogan stand (a in Croke Park) is named after him. Dublin Guard[edit] Main article: Dublin Guard In May 1921, after the IRAs Dublin Brigade took heavy casualties during the burning of the Custom House, the Squad and the Brigades Active Service Unit were amalgamated into the Dublin Guard, under Paddy Daly. Under the influence of Daly and Michael Collins, most of the Guard took the Free State side and Joined the Irish Army in the Irish Civil War of 1922-23. During this conflict some of them were attached to the Criminal Investigation Department and were accused of multiple assassination of Anti-Treaty fghters. Later years[edit] Bill Stapleton went on to become a director in Bord na Mona, Charles Dalton and Frank Saurin became directors in the Irish Sweep Stakes. Dalton was the subject of a Kevin Myres article, Myres questioned Dalton living in Morehamton Road in 1940, but did not research his article enough to mention that Dalton was a director in the Sweep stakes at the time. In October 1923, Commandant James Conroy was mplicated in the murder of two Jewish men, Bernard Goldberg and Emmanuel Ernest Kah[a]n. He avoided arrest by fleeing to Mexico, returning later to Join the Blueshirts. [5] A later application for an army pension was rejected. The killings were the subject of a 2010 investigative documentary by RT?†°; csi: Murder in Little Jerusalem. [6] References[edit] 1 . Jump up A Michael Collins: A Life;James Mackay Chpt 8 2. A Jump up to: a b Mackay, James. Michael Collins: A Life, p. 132 3. Jump up A [1] 4. Jump up [2] 5. Jump up A Bushe, Andrew (24 June 2007). Killing spree led to fear of pogrom on Dublin Jews. Irish Independent (Independent. ie). Retrieved 14 October 2010. 6. Jump up A Csi : Murder in Little Jerusalem (in Irish (with English subtitles) Note Limited availability). RT?†° Factual. broadcast 11 October 2010. pp. 25 mins. Retrieved 14 October 2010. Bibliography[edit] The Squad and the Intelligence Operations of Michael Collins T. Ryle Dwyer Categories: Irish War of Independence Irish Republican Army (1917-22) Spies during the Irish War of Independence Navigation menu Create account Log in Article Talk Read Edit View history Search Main page Featured content Current events Random article Donate to Wikipedia Interaction Help About Wikipedia Community portal Recent changes Contact page Tools Print/export Languages Euskara Franpis Gaeilge Norsk bokml Edit links This page was last modified on 23 September 2013 at 14:40. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. [emailprotected] is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. , a non-profit organization. Privacy policy Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Developers Mobile view Wikimedia Foundation Powered by MediaWiki

Sex, Drugs, and Rock Roll Essays

Sex, Drugs, and Rock Roll Essays Sex, Drugs, and Rock Roll Essay Sex, Drugs, and Rock Roll Essay â€Å"Sex, Drugs, and Rock ‘n’ Roll† The â€Å"Swinging Sixties† was a decade of new developments changing ideals that ranged from women’s movements, to â€Å"the New Left,† and to the musical scene of Rock ‘n’ Roll. These important progressions began the counterculture and social revolution among the youth in the United States. The counterculture ideals and visions were brought about by the extraordinary explosion of creative thought through music and other forms of art. The music scene, that overwhelmed the country, allowed for the culture’s expression of the social upheavals caused by the events overwhelming the country. The popular Rock ‘n’ Roll music, along with the bands themselves, during the â€Å"Swinging Sixties† had a great deal of influence that affected the counterculture, the psychedelic scene, and the endless concerts/festivals from the beginning of the decade up until the early seventies. The origin of Rock ‘n’ Roll, which dominated the music scene in the sixties, dates back to the late fifties and early sixties with the underlying roots of folk, rhythm blues, gospel, country, and jazz. Rock ‘n’ Roll, along with all types of music during the decade, influenced lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. Furthermore, Rock ‘n’ Roll became a steady underbeat of political activity which offers some acclaim for the help of the civil rights movement along with other movements. Likewise, musical artists were influenced by the political events and the lifestyles of their audience in writing their lyrics. With this sway, Rock ‘n’ Roll became known as a â€Å"weapon of cultural revolution† spanning the country from coast to coast (227, Takin’ It to The Streets). In the early stages of this new revolution of Rock ‘n’ Roll and early years of the Sixties, the beginning bands were more laid back and relaxed. Taking the Sixties by storm in nineteen sixty-two was the sensation known as the Beatles. In nineteen sixty-four, the Beatles’ influence over the youth reached the United States when they appeared on The Ed Sullivan Show which followed their transitional move to New York City, New York. The Beatles became â€Å"the most popular music group in the United States† with 30 songs reaching the top 10 pop charts and the production of 12 albums (98, Columbia Guide). With their popularity, the Beatles generated a strong influence on American culture and the young people, which provoked controversy, influenced style, and the use of psychedelic drugs. Their songs reflected on the events of the Sixties and related to the youth generation that was being affected. The Beatles work has been recorded and savored in different styles of entertainment media from albums, to posters, to movies keeping their memory alive since their break up in nineteen sixty-nine. The 1st attempt at capturing the Beatles in media was the mock documentary A Hard Day’s Night, created in nineteen sixty-four. The film shows what a day in the Beatles life was like while they prepare for a television appearance. The film became the first â€Å"rockumentary† influencing the production of rock movies and videos for the future. This influence has continued to thrive into the 21st century with the production of Across the Universe. This movie allows for the current generation of youth to understand the happenings of the Sixties and the meaning behind the lyrics of Beatles’ songs. The movie goes into detail about the youth’s view on the war in Vietnam, the music scene, drugs, and the rebellious ways. On the opposite side of the country, the Beastie Boys was another rock band who focused their lyrics on the culture that surrounded them, including the scene of marijuana use. The band originated and got their inspiration from the surfing culture, in which they participated in, in Southern California. The Beastie Boys began their career in nineteen sixty-one but their success and popularity began to spark between the years of nineteen sixty-three to nineteen sixty-five (183, Columbia Guide). During this time period, the band produced nine albums that included some of their hit songs â€Å"Surfin’ USA†; â€Å"Little Deuce Coup†; â€Å"California Girls†; and â€Å"Good Vibrations† led the Beastie Boys to hit their peak of popularity in nineteen sixty-six. The Beastie Boys continued to be successful with their legacy continuing into the future decades. During the peak of the Beastie Boys and the Beatles, the drug that hit the population was primarily marijuana which in turn led to the psychedelic drugs introduced in the mid-sixties. During the mid-sixties, the laid back style of Rock ‘n’ Roll evolved into a phase of rock bands that created psychedelic sounds in the San Francisco Bay area, most popularly known as Haight Ashbury, where they hosted free concerts and didn’t record their music. In San Francisco, the music and bands were part of an underground culture where â€Å"drugs and rock swim up the same stream† (238, Takin’ It to the Streets). The culture of music became intertwined with psychedelic drugs among the audiences but also among many of the bands in the area. Many oncert goers began to attend concerts and bands events for the drugs that were normally found at these events. Not all bands were into the drugs, as Bob Weir of the Grateful Dead said â€Å"We’re not singing psychedelic drugs, we’re singing music. We’re musicians, not dope fiends† (239, Takin’ It to the Streets). The many bands that began their careers in the underground scene of San Francisco consisted of The Jefferson Airplanes, Janis Joplin in the Big Brother and the Holding Company, Jimi Hendrix, and the Grateful Dead. Many of these bands were only known in the Haight Ashbury scene until the Summer of Love in nineteen sixty-seven. In nineteen sixty-seven, the spring and summer months, known as the Summer of Love, became a time when thousands of youths made their way to San Francisco after receiving invitations by the Haight Ashbury Council for Summer of Love. This â€Å"pilgrimage† was heavily influenced by the media and music along with the idea of â€Å"free love,† drugs, and a new community of young people. On June 16-18, some 100,000 young people gathered at the Monterey Pop Festival organized by John Phillips of the Mamas and the Papas and the Beatles publicist Derek Taylor (300, The Portable Sixties Reader). The festival was advertised as â€Å"three days of music, love, and flowers† giving the feel of the original carefree spirit of rock ‘n’ roll. The â€Å"hippies† that fled to the scene were enticed with the appearances of their favorite bands and some newly formed bands, such as Jimi Hendrix and The Grateful Dead. The festival gave many of the bands from the Haight Ashbury â€Å"underground† national recognition with record deals and fame. Following his performance at the Monterey Pop Festival, Jimi Hendrix became famous for setting â€Å"his guitar on fire at the end of his set† and the smashing of his guitar (301, Portable Sixties Reader). What became known as the â€Å"Jimi Hendrix Experience,† led to his popularity, also the creation of his band, in the United States becoming known as the greatest guitarist in the history of rock music and one of the most important and influential musicians of his era across a range of genres. With his new popularity, the Jimi Hendrix Experience replaced the Jefferson Airplanes as the headliners at the Fillmore widening their popularity. In nineteen sixty-seven, Hendrix’s single, â€Å"Purple Haze† became one of the archetypical psychedelic drug songs of the sixties and is often cited as one of his greatest songs, and for many is his signature song. In nineteen sixty-eight, Hendrix received the honor of being named â€Å"Artist of the Year† by Rolling Stone for hi showmanship and gift for using distortion and feedback to create a unique guitar sound (208, Columbia Guide). As his popularity grew, Jimi Hendrix and his band, Gypsy Sun and Rainbows, performed a two-hour set at the famous Woodstock festival in nineteen sixty-nine. Hendrix gave a very memorable performance when he did a solo improvisation of the Star-Spangled Banner which is regarded as a special symbol of the decade. Jimi Hendrix’s career ended just over a year after his performance at Woodstock due to overdosing on drugs. The Grateful Dead, another legendary band that performed at Monterey Pop and Woodstock, was formed in nineteen sixty-five in the San Francisco Bay area. The band became known for their unique and eclectic style of music that they performed live because they lived for the audience that they attracted. At the time, music was not recorded, but many believed that â€Å"the Dead’s† sound was like thunder and would not be the same if duplicated into albums. With the fans that gathered at their concerts, the band became known as the representation of the San Francisco scene and of the counterculture movement. The Grateful Dead shared a three-story house because one of the ideals of the people in Haight Ashbury was the consciousness that people should work and live together (239, Columbia Guide). In nineteen sixty-nine, the Grateful Dead were invited to perform at Altamont but right as they were about to perform, the band decided against it. They felt that the energy of the outing was not that of a typical counterculture event because it had become more rowdy especially when Hell’s Angels arrived. The fame and influence that the Grateful Dead inflicted on the youth, â€Å"their music continues to draw young people more than thirty-five years after the Haight Ashbury summer in which the Dead emerged† (229, Takin’ It to the Streets). The fans of the Grateful Dead decided to call themselves â€Å"Deadheads† and followed the band from one concert to another which included the three-day festival of Woodstock. Following the trend of free concerts, the east coast music scene held a three day rock festival in Woodstock, New York. This extravagant rock concert where 500,000 young people arrived to listen to rock became known as â€Å"Woodstock Nation† (257, Columbia Guide). Woodstock was a peaceful event despite the large crowd and inadequate supplies. People came to see performances by Jimi Hendrix, Joan Baez, Jefferson Airplane, Arlo Guthrie, and the Grateful Dead. The bands and the festival exemplified the counterculture and the â€Å"Summer of Love† as the followers escaped from the events that were persuading their reasons to rebel. Woodstock was held during a time of war, racial conflicts, which attracted many of the participants. Among the attendees, many were satisfied and remember the festival for its social harmony, the quality of music, and the overwhelming mass of people. Woodstock has been remembered through movies and texts, but in large part with the attempts to hold festivals similar to the three-day rock festival. The first festival that was attempted to duplicate Woodstock was the concert at the Altamont. The Rolling Stones became known to some as the â€Å"greatest rock roll band in the world† but also became known as causing the end of the hippie counterculture. The band, originally from England, was formed in nineteen sixty-two and made their way to the United States in nineteen sixty-four when they went on their first U. S. tour. Many of their singles reached the top charts in both the U. S. and England which led to their trans-Atlantic hit in nineteen sixty-six. Along with their fans, the band members were strong followers in the drug scene. In nineteen sixty-seven, three out of the five band members were arrested for drug possession and use, leaving only two of the band members to perform. While the members were waiting to see what would happen to them, the band created â€Å"We Love You,† as a tribute thanking all of their fans for being so loyal. In nineteen sixty-nine, the Rolling Stones staged their own festival similar to Woodstock at the Altamont where all hell broke loose. Although the Rolling Stones made their United States debut in nineteen sixty-four during the â€Å"British Invasion,† they have become known for their concert at the Altamont Speedway in Livermore, California. The concert held on December 6, nineteen sixty-nine, just four months after Woodstock, was the Rolling Stones response to the numerous complaints that their ticket prices were too expensive, which is why they proceeded to give their followers a free concert to end their nineteen sixty-nine tour. Many people of the time â€Å"call us Woodstock West, but we are not† while others believe that â€Å"if concert isn’t the right word for the day, festival isn’t either† (310, The Portable Sixties Reader). The concert was advertised as a day full of performances from popular rock bands resembling Woodstock, but as the day progressed, a series of events arose causing havoc. As the gates opened at 7:00 am, 300,000 concert goers took their places to see bands such as Jimi Hendrix, the Grateful Dead, and most importantly the Rolling Stones. The enormous crowd seemed to enjoy themselves and the performances of the bands until Hell’s Angels appeared on and around the stage. In their hallucinating states of mind, due to their psychedelic drugs, they experienced a rush of horror and worry as the Angels took their places. The viewers wonder why the Angels are on the stage, just to be informed that the Rolling Stones hired them to be there security. Seeing as how the concert was flowing smoothly, the Angels grew hungry â€Å"for violence mocks our unfocused love of peace; their grim solidarity, our fearful hopes of community† (311, Portable Sixties Reader). Riots began to break out as the Angels used violence in an attempt to calm down the crowd. As tension grew, the Rolling Stones played their song â€Å"Sympathy for the Devil† as the crowd and Angels clashed (180, Takin’ It to the Streets). As the violence continued between the crowd and Angels, a man attempted to escape the riot but was shot by the security. This man’s death, 18 years-old Meredith Hunter, put an end to the concert as the crowd began to scream and panic. The tragic death at the Altamont signaled an end to the promise of the Summer of Love and the Woodstock Nation (180, Takin’ It to the Streets). With the Altamont disaster being viewed as the end of the hippie era and end of Woodstock nation, the world of Rock ‘n’ Roll took a dark turn into drug related deaths. Throughout the decade, the drug scene evolved from the semi-mind altering drug of marijuana to the psychedelic drugs, such as LSD and psilocybin mushrooms. Psychedelic drugs were used for â€Å"mind altering† experiences which were increased through the music, concerts, and poster designs. At the concerts, many bands began to experiment with what was known as â€Å"Kool Aid Acid Test,† where they would spike the punch allowing them to incorporate acid experiences into their music (290, Columbia Guide). The â€Å"psychedelic† posters that encircled the decade, â€Å"required concentration† appealed to the hippies because â€Å"the state of mind which occurs when high on [marijuana and/or psychedelic substances]† comes with an â€Å"intense visual involvement in details† (303, Portable Sixties Reader). The posters were found everywhere from phone lines to concert halls to being the posters representing bands. With the psychedelic scene surrounding the hippie’s counterculture, the rockers from rock bands experimented with the drugs as well. As he psychedelic drug scene expanded, rock bands and their members began to experiment with the drugs. Starting in the later sixties, nineteen sixty-eight and sixty-nine, drugs were taken and used more frequently than in the early years of the decade. In nineteen sixty-nine, the Altamont festivities proved that the use of drugs impaired judgment and was part of the darker side of what had become Rock ‘nâ₠¬â„¢ Roll. Giving the idea that the â€Å"Summer of Love† and peaceful ways of the hippies were at an end, numerous members of Rock ‘n’ Roll began to overdose on drugs. As the sixties came to an end, Rock ‘n’ Roll continued to succeed into the seventies, but â€Å"Janis Joplin, Jimi Hendrix, Jim Morrison, and Al Wilson suffered drug-related deaths† (294, Columbia Guide). The deaths of these rock idols went hand in hand with their surroundings and lives they decided to live. Since drugs became popular in the music business, rock idols became addicted to the feeling that they received. Bands and rockers, such as Jimi Hendrix, would perform while under the influence of psychedelic drugs. There is a belief that many members of these rock bands were the most creative while under the influence which caused them to consume drugs and alcohol numerous times throughout the days. Also, Rock ‘n’ Roll had taken up a dark tone after Altamont, which could have inflicted the idols with dark thoughts increasing their wants and needs for drugs. Overall, these idols became addicted to the â€Å"psychedelic† drugs and didn’t know their limit until they had overdosed. The music from the â€Å"Swinging Sixties† influenced the youth of the decade in their beliefs, their actions, and their emotions towards the events that were happening around them. The music brought about concerts and festivals, drugs, the counterculture, and a new way of life for the rebellious youth. The hippies and young people were brought together during a time of hardships where they were able to let reality disappear and slip into a different world. This different world was reached with the help of psychedelic drugs, Rock ‘n’ Roll and the communities created which brought allowed for a world of peace, freedom, and love. Rock ‘n’ Roll touched the heart of the decade and has continued to teach the current listeners about the wonderful and crazy decade of the Sixties.

The Wind in the Willows Questions for Discussions

'The Wind in the Willows' Questions for Discussions The Wind in the Willows is a famous book about animals, by Kenneth Grahame. Here are a few questions for study and discussion. What is significant about the title?What are the conflicts in The Wind in the Willows? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional) do you see?How does Kenneth Grahame reveal character in The Wind in the Willows?What are some themes in the story? How do they relate to the plot and characters?What are some symbols in The Wind in the Willows? How do they relate to the plot and characters?Is Badger (Mr. Badger) consistent in his actions? Is he a fully developed character? How? Why?Does Badger change and/or develop as a character?How does Badger relate to other characters in the book?Do you find the characters likable? Are the characters creatures you would want to meet?Does the story end the way you expected? How? Why?What is the central/primary purpose of the story? Is the purpose important or meaningful?How does the past figure into the novel?How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else?Would you recommend this book to a friend?​

Article response paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article response paper - Essay Example They created their president whom they could dictate who got rebelled, and they invaded. To counter resistance you need a few natives on your side. Even if it means buying them you have to do it. Americans collaborated with a native constabulary to try and restore the law and order that was lacking. The responsibility was given to the gendarmerie d’Haiti Resistance should be expected anywhere where individuals feel infiltrated like the case of Haiti where the resurgence of cacoism was witnessed (Plummer 245). In my view methods used by the American military should not be employed when solving a crisis. Shooting at protesters and anybody deemed a rebel is not a diplomatic solution to the crisis. The Americans continued their occupation in Haiti and they even paid spies for information. They continued their dominance by establishing absolute military control over the Haitians. People were oppressed, and only the good could be in the news riots and protests and killings all could be blacked out. Is it not the system in the modern world nowadays where there is censoring of information to the world? The aspect seems to have evolved a long way. To help Haiti develop they build infrastructure and open up the state to investments foreign investors flocked in after all this was an opportunity the Americans had seen. They choose to commercialize agriculture. Plantation farms emerged that wanted to exploit the cheap labor of Haitians. Gayle explains the aggressive nature of the Americans in the process of occupying Haiti. It is evident from the way they could suppress strikes and protests using force, exploitation of cheap labor of Haitians and racial discrimination. As much as the occupation was not accepted well I can say there was economic development in Haiti that was not there before. It may have served the interest of the Americans but at the end of the day it’s happened in Haiti. Conception of a revolutionary idea is not easy to contain. The Haitians

Biology Research Paper on Galactosemia Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biology on Galactosemia - Research Paper Example The malfunctioning enzyme There are three forms of galactosemia; these include galactose-1, uridyl 1, and classic galactosemia, which is the most severe and common form of galactosemia. The human body breaks down lactose into galactose and glucose and these sugars are used for energy. People with galactosemia have the malfunctioning of the enzyme known as GALT, which helps in breaking down galactose. Defects in the metabolism of galactose lead to the buildup of toxic chemicals in the body cells. Classic galactosemia, which is the most common form, is transmitted through an autosomal recessive patter. A child inherits one defective gene from each parent in order for them to contract this disorder. When a child inherits one mutated and one normal gene, he or she becomes a carrier (Thomas & David, 2011). A carrier has less than normal amount of GALT enzyme that is required in normal circumstances. However, they can be able to break down galactose, thus avoiding symptoms associated with the disease. Although this is the case, carriers have the capacity to pass on to their children the mutated gene. People suffering from galactosemia may entirely lack the GALT enzyme. The prevalence of galactosemia is 1 in every 20, 000 births. There is a likelihood of one out of four that a child will be born with the disease, especially in each pregnancy in a family where other members have suffered from the disease in the past. When an infant suffering from galactosemia takes milk, there is building up of galactose substances in the system of the infant. These substances may cause damage to the brain, eyes, kidneys, and liver. This means that people suffering from galactosemia cannot tolerate animal or human milk (Thomas & David, 2011). Symptoms of galactosemia The defects in the metabolism of galactose can lead to various symptoms, which include kidney failure, cataracts, mental retardation, enlarged liver, and poor growth. In most cases, the disease tends to occur in the first few days resulting from milk or breast formula ingestion. Patients with this disease may experience symptoms such as vomiting, jaundice, lack of weight gain, irritability, as well as diarrhea. In infants, the symptoms of the disease result from infection of the blood with the bacteria known as E. coli. Children may portray symptoms related to poor feeding habits, where they may refuse to take milk that contains a formula (Bosch et al, 2004). Another symptom of galactosemia includes convulsions, which entails the rapid shaking of the body uncontrollably. Galactosemia may also be accompanied by symptoms such as irritability in the patient, and especially children. They may become whiny, fussy, and fretful while suffering from the disease despite how much the parent tries to soothe them. Other symptoms of the disease include lethargy, tiredness, and drowsiness, as well as a feeling of lack of motivation and energy by the patient (Bosch et al, 2004). Diagnosis The diagnosis of galactose mia is done through blood tests, where the detection of the can be done by measuring the enzyme level in white blood cells, red blood cells, or in the liver. Patients affected by this disease lack enzyme activity; however, parents who may be carriers tend to have intermediate enzyme activity, which can be half the normal enzyme activity level. During the diagnosis of this disease, it is advisable not

Structured Teaching On Behavioral Problems

Structured Teaching On Behavioral Problems School age is the period between 6-12 years. Schoolers are emerging as creative persons who are preparing for their future role in society. The school years are a time of new achievement and new experiences. Childrens individual needs and preferences should be respected. Children who are productive and engaged in the school experience, whether academic or vocational, is not likely to become at risk student. All young children can be naughty, defiant and impulsive from time to time, which is perfectly normal. However, some children have extremely difficult and challenging behaviors that are outside the norm for their age. The behavior of some children and adolescent are hard to change. Children do not always display their reactions to events immediately although they may emerge later. Children who suffer from behavior disorders are at a higher risk for school failure, suicide, and mental health problems. A behavioral problem is a departure from normal (acceptable) behavior beyond a point, to the extent behavioral problems can manifest themselves in many ways. There are interchangeable terms for behavior disorders- disruptive behavior disorder, conduct disorders, emotional disorders, and emotional disturbances. Warning signs of behavior disorders include: Harming or threatening themselves, other people Damaging or destroying property Lying or stealing Not doing well in school, skipping school Early smoking, drinking or drug use Early sexual activity Frequent tantrums and arguments Consistent hostility towards authority figures. Children misbehave for a variety of different reasons. Children problems are often multi-factorial and the way in which they are expressed may be influenced by a range of factors including developmental stage, temperament, coping and adaptive abilities of the family, the nature and duration of illness. The school is an institution in society specifically designed as the formal instrument for educating children. School is a place where children spend the largest portion of their time outside the home. Schools should offer a safe and respectful learning environment for everyone. In addition to scholastic achievement, school experiences should contribute to healthy development in terms of harmonious interpersonal relations and positive self image. Teachers appear to be important social partners, as the quality of a teacher and child relationship has been related to several aspects of short and long-term school adaptation. Studies have shown that teachers may reject these children, respond to them with less support and punishment than other child receives. A parent is really the childs first teacher and critical to student success is the involvement of parent. A teacher is a person who provides students direct classroom teaching, or classroom-type teaching in a non-classroom setting, or educational services directly related to classroom teaching. Teachers play an influencing role in development of personality. Listening to childs problems is an important skill of a teacher. Disruptive behavior is a major factor contributing to teacher stress and discontent and significantly affects teachers capacity to maintain a productive and orderly learning environment. Most teachers and school personnel concur that they are able to identify behavioral and academic problems within first few weeks of a school year. Teachers expectations and actions greatly affect the childs behavior. Dealing with difficult or inappropriate behavior in schools can be a challenging task for any educator, regardless of experience. Teachers need to use positive interactive approaches than responding to inappropriate behaviors. Teachers need to communicate care and concern rather than a desire to punish when reacting to inappropriate behaviors. Children with behavioral problems have received more criticism and have suffered deterioration in their interactions with teachers over time. The early detection and treatment of children with behavioral problems at an early age may reduce treatment costs and improve quality of life of those children. Effective way of reducing behavioral problems can be through behavioral plan developed by parents, teachers, children, administrators and school staff. Use positive interactive approaches that remove the need for inappropriate behavior. The components include, inform pupil what is expected, avoid threats, build self confidence, use positive modeling and provide positive learning environment. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Review of literature is a key step in research process. The typical purpose for analyzing a review existing literature is to generate research question to identify what is known and what is not known about the topic. The major goals of review of literature are to develop a strong knowledge base to carry out research and non research scholarly activity. Review of literature from the present study is been divided into: Studies related to behavioral problems of school children Studies related to knowledge of teachers on behavioral problems of school children Studies related to structured teaching programme. Studies related to behavioral problems of school children Margrot Prior, Shanya Virasinghe and Diana Smart (2005) conducted a study on behavioral problems in Sri Lankan school children associations with socio economic status, age, gender, academic progress and religion. Using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire modified version of the rutter parent questionnaire including items on childrens strength: with parent, teacher and child informants, was administered to assess the mental health problems in this population. In this study 10 13 years children were included. The study concluded that rates and types of problems consistent with other international studies on children mental health. Problem rates were higher in boys and were associated with lower socio economic status, religion and poorer academic performance. The study confirms the need for development of child and adolescent health services in Sri Lanka. Sujit Sar Khel, Vinod Kumar Sinha, Mani Arora, Push De Sarkar (2006) done a study on prevalence of conduct disorder in schoolchildren of Kanke. The study included 240 students studying in class V to X. Stratified random sampling were used to estimate the prevalence of conduct disorder in children. Present and Lifetime Version screening interview was used to assess the children. The result showed that conduct disorder was found in 4.58%; the ratio of boys to girls being 4.5:1. Childhood onset was found in 73% and adolescent onset in 27%. Mild conduct disorder was found in 36%, moderate in 64% and severe conduct disorder in none. Manuel Barrera et al. (2002) gave an intervention on early elementary school to reduce conduct problems: A randomized trial with Hispanic and Non-Hispanic children. The study included European American (n = 116) and Hispanic (n = 168) children from 3 communities were randomly selected to an intervention or no-intervention control condition. Intervention families received parent training, and their children received social behavior interventions and supplementary reading instruction over a 2-year period. The study concluded that at the end of a 1-year follow-up, treated children showed less teacher-rated internalizing and less parent-rated coercive and antisocial behavior than controls. Maj Prakash, Brig .S. Sudarsanan, P.K. Pardal, S. Chaudhury (2006) conducted a study on behaviour problems in a paediatric outpatient department. A sample of 50 children between the ages of 6-14 years was selected randomly for the study. The data was collected by administering child behaviour check list to children. The study concluded that behaviour problems in the subjects were externalizing ones and the mean score was 40.7 than internalizing problems and the mean score was 10.3. Mc Farlane.J.M, Groff JY, OBrien .J.A, Watson. K. (2006) done a comparative study on behaviors of children who are exposed and not exposed to intimate partner violence: an analysis of 330 black, white, and Hispanic children. Samples included 258 abused mothers and 72 non abused mothers and their children were between age of 18 months to 18 years of age and these children were compared with normative children. Data was collected using child behavior checklist from mothers. Data was analyzed using multiple analysis of variance performed for ages 6 through 18 years revealed a significant group difference (Frequency[3,183] = 3.13). Univariate tests revealed significant group differences for internalizing behavior (Frequency [1,185] = 6.81), externalizing behavior (Frequency [1,185] = 7.84), and total behavior problems (Frequency [1,185] = 9.45). Overall, children of abused mothers had significantly higher internalizing (58.5 +/- 12.1), externalizing (55.5 +/- 12.4), and total behavior pr oblems (57.6 +/- 12.3) scores than the internalizing (52.9 +/- 13.7), externalizing (49.7 +/- 10.6), and total behavior problems (51.0 +/- 13.0) scores exhibited for children of non abused mothers. b) Studies related to knowledge of teachers on behavioral problems of school children Bibou-Nakou, G.Kiossseoglou and A. Stogiannidou (2008) done a study on elementary teachers perceptions regarding school behavior problem: implications for school psychological services. The study involved 200 elementary school teachers. The questionnaire was administered to assess casual attributions and goal directed behavior on part of teachers when dealing with classroom misbehavior problems. The study concluded that misbehavior related attributions were significantly associated with teachers preferred practices and suggested that application of psychological principles to education practice should be included. Sarah B. Dwyer, Jan M.Nicholson (2005) assessed teachers knowledge of children exposure to family risk factors: accuracy and usefulness. The study involved 756children indicated that teachers had accurate knowledge of children exposure to factors such as adverse life events and family socio economic status, which predicted children mental health problem at 1 year follow up. The study concluded that asking teachers to report children exposure to particular family risk factors is feasible method for identifying children for selective interventions. Stuart W. Twemlo, M.D (2005) estimated the prevalence of teachers who bully students in school with differing levels of behavioral problems. In this study 214 teachers answered anonymous questionnaire about their perceptions of teachers who bully students and their own practices. Teachers were grouped into whether they taught at low, medium or high suspension rate schools. The study concluded that teachers from high suspension rate schools reported they bullied more students, had experienced more bullying when they were students, had worked with more bullying teachers over the past three years and had seen more bullying teachers over the past year. Dougherty J, Pucci P, Hemmila MR, Wahl WL, Wang SC, Arbabi S (2007) did a comparative study on worldwide child and adolescent mental health begins with awareness: a preliminary assessment in nine countries. In this study awareness campaign was conducted among community leaders, health professionals and teachers. The school-based studies were conducted in communities in nine countries. The study concluded that there is an increase in willingness to discuss emotional problems freely and suggested that utility of collaborating with schools so as to foster better child mental health in such under resourced communities. Kaiser, Ann P; Cai, Xinsheng; Hancock, Terry B; Foster, E Michael. (2007) conducted a survey on of primary school educators regarding burn-risk behaviors and fire-safety education. A written survey, consisting of 24 questions, was distributed to 8 primary schools. The study results shows that twenty percent of elementary school educators surveyed had experience teaching burned children (mean age: 7+/-3; range: 2-17); 8% had experience with children that were injured due to fire-play. Fire experimentation begins at 6.1+/-2 years of age (range: 2-13). Educators believe students can benefit from a fire prevention curriculum beginning at 7.3+/-1.8 years (range: 5-12). c) Studies related to effectiveness of structured teaching programme Pamela Orpinas and Arthur M. Home (2008) conducted a workshop on teacher-focused approach to prevent and reduce students aggressive behavior: the guiding responsibility and expectations for adolescents for today and tomorrow teacher program. The goals of the program were (1) to increase teacher awareness of different types of aggression, risk factors, role of the classroom teacher, and influence of the school climate on the childs behavior; (2) to develop strategies that will prevent aggression; (3) to improve teacher management skills to reduce power struggles and aggression; and (4) to enhance skills to assist students who are the targets of aggression. The study included guiding responsibility and expectations for adolescents for today and tomorrow manuals were administered to teacher. The study concluded that teachers had to increase teacher awareness of different types of aggression, risk factors, role of the classroom teacher, and influence of the school climate on the childs b ehavior; to develop strategies that will prevent aggression; to improve teacher management skills to reduce power struggles and aggression; and to enhance skills to assist students who are the targets of aggression. Lorrie L. Hoffman (2009) conducted a workshop on improving school climate: reducing reliance on rewards and punishment. The study included 200 teachers. Data was collected by survey on school climate and classroom management methods among teachers who are exposed to and not exposed to the conscious discipline workshops. The study demonstrated that the untrained group was unaware of the social relationship and cultural principles of conscious discipline that include releasing external control, embracing conflict resolution and implementing a more emotionally targeted reward structure in the classroom. Many teachers also showed improvement in student/teacher relationships (r=.325) and in mutual support among teachers (r=.306). Kathleen Lynne Lane, Andrea Phillips and M. Annette Little (2009) did experimental study on preventing conduct problems and improving school readiness: evaluation of the incredible years teacher and child training programs in high-risk schools. The study included teachers and students. Data was collected from them before and after the intervention. The intervention included teaching social and emotional school curriculum for students and trains teachers in effective classroom management skills and in promotion of parent-school involvement. They sent home weekly homework to encourage parents involvement. The study concluded that an intervention used by the teachers was effective and the students showed more social competence and emotional self-regulation and fewer conduct problems than control teachers and students. Carolyn M. Evertson (2005) did an experimental study on training teachers on classroom management in secondary classrooms. The studies in primary grades and more recently in the secondary grades show that the more academically effective teachers in those generally had better organized classrooms and fewer behavioral problems. Additionally, research indicates that the key to managing classrooms effectively begins from the first day of school with the systematic approach, advance preparation and planning. The study concluded that workshops and manuals were enough to provide changes in teachers behavior in the desired direction: However more specific information about nature of the training was needed to support the development of an exportable statewide model with recommendations and guidelines for use. The role that classroom observation could play in encouraging teachers to practice and perform the desired behaviors needed to be explored further. Lee Canter and Terry Paulso (2006) did a pilot study on college credit model of in- school consultation: a functional behavioral training programme. The study included 50 teachers and data was collected before and after classes for teachers in mental health principles and techniques. The teacher was trained in the implementation of functional- behavioral intervention skills. The study concluded that teachers post test score was significantly higher than pre test score. The study suggested that teachers gained knowledge on functional behavioral skills. NEED FOR THE STUDY Disruptive behavior students are in every classroom across the nation. Teachers are constantly searching for assistance, guidance, ideas, suggestions and relief from this challenge. Yet teachers must remember that they are the source of hope for many of these children and the person who plays a most important role in their lives. A teachers words and actions can affect child forever. Success in school involves being able to complete work, stay organized, get along with kids and adults, be positive about your abilities and school, follow rules, and do your best work. Before we understand children behavior, we must understand their needs. In addition to their physical needs, kids need fun, clothing, freedom, power, and a sense of belonging. Teachers who exhibit high level of efficacy use more positive reinforcement, prefer to work with whole group and present with students who are experiencing difficulty rather than ignoring or giving up on them. The teachers ability to be empathetic can also be associated with students success. School based intervention has been popular for a number of years and has produced varying degree of success in prevention of behavioral problems in children. Children should be allowed to express their true fears and anxieties about impending events. Older children may exhibit relationship disturbances with family and friends, poor school performance and behavior regression. It can be difficult to assess whether behavior of such children is normal or sufficiently problematic to require intervention. Conduct disorder are seen in appropriate 5-8% of general child population. Kadzins review of prevalence indicated that the estimated rate of conduct disorder in children aged 4-18 has ranged from 2-6%. Conduct disorder for youth underage of 18 range from 6-16% for males, 2-9% for females. Prevalence of conduct disorder was 4.58% more common in boys, the majority had childhood onset, and one-third had co morbid attention deficit hyperkinetic disorder. Conduct disorder prevalence in United States is 1-6% (1999) in children. Conduct disorder prevalence in New York is 12% had moderate level of conduct disorder and 4% had severe conduct disorder. The study was undertaken in the schools under rural and urban field practice areas of Department of community medicine. The total population of children between (10-19 yrs) of all schools was included. The prevalence of conduct disorders were maximum (12.9%) in the 6-14 yrs age group. Oppositional defiant disorder prevalence rate is 2-16% for youth (American psychiatry association 2000). School refusal occurs at all ages, appropriately 1-5% of all school-aged children have school refusal. In US aged 14-16 years children showed that 4.3% of teenagers, suffers from school phobia and 5% are identified as school refusal. The average age of onset is 7.5 years and 10.5 years. A study was conducted on prevalance of behavioral problems of school going children in Ludhiana. The study included 957 school children they assessed the behavioral problems by using Rutter B scale, which was to be completed by the class teachers. Based on the screening instrument results and parental interview, 45.6% of the children were estimated to have behavioral problems, of which 36.5% had significant problems. A comparative study was done on preschool teachers knowledge, attitude and practices on childhood developmental and behavioral disorders. The study involved 503 preschool teachers. It compared early childhood educators well versed in normal development and childhood developmental and behavioral disorders were evaluated in detecting children with potential difficulties, refer for early diagnosis and intervention. The study concluded that educational deficits in childhood developmental and behavioral disorders were found among preschool teachers. The study suggested that there is need to improve their skills to aid integration and improve special education needs, calling for training and resource support. A workshop was done on children with behavior problems: improving elementary school teachers skill to keep these children in class. This study aimed at improving their skills for coping with behavioral problems in children. The ability to hold these children helps to prevent them from dropping out of school and avoids referral to special education programs. The workshop integrated 2 interventions (1) Behavior modification skills. (2) Experimental work on the feelings that the misbehaved child evokes in teachers. In this workshop 57 elementary school teachers participated pre-test and post-test was administrated. The study concluded that evaluation of teachers skills and their ability to cope with child who misbehaves score was higher in the post-test than the pre-test. Evaluation of emotional variables after workshop had no significant change in scores. In the light of the above mentioned studies the investigator observed that the prevalence rate of psychiatric disorder in India is more in middle class children and the knowledge of teachers regarding behavioral disorder is inadequate. If the early identification of conduct disorder is not done in the child age then they may go for antisocial personality disorder. So the investigator took up this study for diploma in education students so that helps in of early identification of behavioral problems among school children. SCOPE OF THE STUDY The study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on behavioral problems of school children has tremendous scope in practice, education and further research. The scope related to nursing practice has manifold. The research contributes to detect the effective alternative intervention to manage the behavioral problems of school children, its prevention and rehabilitative measures. It attributes further research in clinical practice for super specialty in psychiatric nursing. The research to develop structured teaching programme helps to mould the nursing education curriculum in depth about its discharge process, preventive and curative procedures. The nursing educators can rebuild the concepts further in education. The findings of this study, further helps the researchers to act as catalyst to generalize the findings. The new research findings help for extensive in depth research in different aspects of assessing the effectiveness of structured teaching programme in managing the behavioral problems of school children. When behavioral problems of school children are reduced, the bodys immune system gets a boost that also effectively enhances cognitive abilities, it is considered as an effective intervention in managing stress, behavior disorders, and many other illnesses. The findings of this study help the school teachers in changing mental attitude towards problems and develop effective way to behavioral problems of school children. The research finding of the study contributes to know the epidemiology of behavioral problems of school children and in turn helps in medical and national health statistics. This data further helps to view the future planning and contributes in national health programme. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on behavioral problems of school children among diploma in education students in selected college at Mandi Gobindgarh. . MAIN OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of structured teaching to reduce the behavioral problems of school children. Sub Objectives To modify and translate standardized tools of assessing stress and coping strategies among hospitalized clients To check validity and reliability of developed/modified tools. To assess the existing knowledge of diploma in education students regarding behavioral problems of school children. To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on behavioral problems of school children among diploma in education students. To find out association between knowledge score of diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children with selected demographic variables. OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS Effectiveness: It refers to the significant difference between pre and post test knowledge scores of diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children after receiving structured teaching programme. Structured teaching programme: It refers to systematically developed instructional aids designed for diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children. Behavioral problems: Behavioral problem refers to a behavior that goes to an extreme level- behavior that is not slightly different from the usual. It includes the conditions like conduct disorder, aggression, stealing, lying, truancy, bullying, fire setting, impulsivity, oppositional defiant disorder and school fear. Diploma in education students: It refers to diploma in education students who are studying in diploma in education college at Mandi Gobindgarh. Assumptions Assumptions are the basic principles that are accepted as being true on the basis of logic or reason, without proof or verification. The study assumes that Diploma in education students may have inadequate knowledge regarding behavioral problems of school children. Structured teaching programme may improve the knowledge of diploma in education students. Diploma in education students knowledge may vary with selected demographic variables. Hypothesis Hypothesis is a statement of predicted relationship between variables. H1-There will be significant difference between pre and post test knowledge scores of diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children after administering structured teaching programme. H01: There will be no significant difference between pre and post test knowledge scores of diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children after administering structured teaching programme. H2-There will be significant association between the knowledge scores of diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children with selected demographic variables. H02:-There will be no significant association between the knowledge scores of diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children with selected demographic variables. DELIMITATION Study is delimited to diploma in education students. Effectiveness of a structured teaching programme in terms of knowledge aspects only. MATERIALS AND METHODS Research approach Quantitative approach Research design Pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design Pretest X (Structured Teaching Programme) Posttest Variables The Independent variable of the study is Structured Teaching Programme on behavioral problems of school children. The dependent variable in the study will include Knowledge of diploma in education students on behavioral problems of school children. Research Setting The study will be conducted in a selected diploma in education college. The reason for selecting the setting is: 1) Easy access to subjects 2) Administration approval and expected cooperation Target Population Population includes clients who are diploma in education students Sampling procedure For selecting subjects The Purposive sampling technique through non-probability sampling approach will be used for selecting the study subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Inclusion Criteria Clients who are willing and able to participate Males females of age range 20 25 years. Clients who are able to read and write English. Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria Who have been previously sensitized with same or similar intervention. Sample size Out of the total clients who will be admitted in a selected college of education, complete enumeration will be done and those who fulfill the inclusion criteria will be taken for the study. A total 200 samples, after meeting the inclusion criteria will be included. Tools and protocol for data collection The tool consists of The structured interview schedule comprised of two sections. SECTION-I Socio Demographic Data: It contains the questions related to identification data, socio demographic data, and clinical profile of the clients. The data includes 8 items which age, gender, religion, education, marital status, residence, type of family and family income. SECTION-II Self administered structured Knowledge questionnaire consists of 40 items. The tools will be checked for validity and reliability. Content Validity will be done by having the expert opinions from different fields and reliability will be done by split half method. Method of Data Collection Data will be collected by using developed and modified tools. The data will be collected in the following manner: Upon review of clients, consenting subjects who will meet the inclusion criteria will be selected. Self introduction establishing rapport with the subjects. Setting up of conductive atmosphere for data collection. Subject will be assured of the confidently of their data. On the first day purpose of the study will be explained to the sample and informed consent was taken before starting the study. A pretest will be conducted by self administration of structured knowledge questionnaire to each sample. Duration of 25 minutes will be given for each sample to complete the tool . On the same day the Structured Teaching Programme will be administered on behavioral problems of school children for 45 minutes using flash cards, ohp sheet and slides. Post test will be conducted by using the same structured knowledge questionnaire after 7 days of the structured teaching programme. Plan of pilot study Pilot study will be conducted on the diploma in education students and will be admitted in a selected college of education in Mandi Gobindgarh with 10% samples to check the feasibility of the study and validity of the tools and methodology. Methods of data analysis The data obtained will be analyzed in terms of objectives of the study using descriptive and inferential statistics. The pla